Neurons & Glia
What is the term we use for the cell body of the neuron?
Soma
This lobe of the brain is responsible for hearing, emotion, and memory.
Temporal lobe
What is the transparent layer that covers the iris and pupil of the eye called?
Cornea
True or False: Each emotion is associated with one neurotransmitter with one for happiness, another for sadness, another for anger, etc.
False! False! False!
This man had a iron rod shot through his head and survived, though, his personality and behavior were starkly different following the accident
Phineas Gage
What is the small gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released for signal propagation?
Synapse
What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Balance & Coordination
Vestibulation refers to our ability to do what?
Keep our balance/know which way is up
Change blindness refers to what aspect of cognition?
Attention
What is typically cause of color blindess in humas?
A person is missing one of more types of cone cells in the retina
White matter is primarily composed of ______ while Grey matter is primarily composed of ______
Axons; Cell bodies
What three structures make of the brainstem? (100 each)
Medulla oblongata; Pons; Midbrain
What are three type of cone cells in the retina that help us see color?
Red; Blue; Green
What are the two areas of the brain most associated with language?
Broca's and Wernicke's area
What are the two most well know types of aphasia and the language deficits associated with each?
Broca's aphasia, Language production
Wernicke's aphasia, Language comprehension
This glial cell is responsible for producing myelin in the brain, allowing for faster communication between neurons.
Oligodendrocyte
The ridges and grooves along the surface of the brain are called respectively? (200 each)
Gyri and Sulci
What are the three bones located in the middle ear that help amplify sound? Additionally, what structure do they connect to in the inner ear? (100 each)
Malleus; Incus; Stapes; Cochlea
List the four requirements for a communication system for it to be considered a language. (100 each)
Discreetness, Grammar, Productivity, Displacement
What is the condition where you are unable to focus on one side of your vision?
Hemineglect/Visual neglect
Name five different types of neurotransmitters in the brain. (100 each up to 500)
Possible answers: Dopamine, Serotonin, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Glutamate, GABA, Histamine, Acetylcholine, Glycine
Give five different structures of the limbic system. (100 each up to 500)
Possible answers: Amygdala, Hippocampus, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland, Basal ganglia, Cingulate cortex, Pineal gland, Olfactory bulb
Rods and cones in the retina have a special name as they receive signals not from other neurons but from light. That do we call these cells?
Photoreceptors
What is the process of associating neutral stimuli with meaningful stimuli to the point were the neutral stimuli alone elicits a response?
Conditioning
What is patient H.M.'s name?
Henry Molaison