7/24 Didactics

Non-Cardiac Causes of Chest Pain

100

I am a cause of well localized chest pain that is reproducible with palpation

Musculoskeletal (Costochondritis)

200

I can present with sharp, burning chest pain along a dermatomal distribution

Herpes zoster infection

300

I am a sharp, well localized chest pain aggravated by breathing that classically presents with a deep sulcus sign on CXR

Spontaneous pneumothorax

400

I am a chronic cause of burning, substernal chest pain and may present with water brash

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

500

I cause a severe, sudden-onset chest pain after forceful vomiting

Esophageal Rupture (Boerhaave Syndrome)

First-Line Imaging

100

For patients presenting with chest pain

EKG (+ CXR)

200

For pulmonary embolism

CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

300

For endocarditis

Transthoracic echocardiogram

400

For cardiac trauma

Focused cardiac US (FAST)

500

For aortic dissection

CTA of chest

EKG

100

Elevated T waves indicates what electrolyte imbalance

Hyperkalemia

200

Name the rhythm in image 1

3rd degree AV block

300

Name the rhythm in image 2

Torsades de pointes

400

Name the rhythm in image 3

Brugada syndrome

500

This set of criteria is used to identify acute myocardial infarction in the setting of a left bundle branch block or paced rhythm, where standard STEMI criteria are unreliable

Sgarbossa's criteria

Murmurs

100

This is a harsh holosystolic murmur with a palpable thrill

Ventricular septal defect

200

This is the shape of the murmur due to aortic stenosis

Crescendo-decrescendo

300

A delayed, rumbling, late diastolic murmur is indicative of this cardiac pathology

Mitral stenosis

400

This murmur may radiate to the axilla

Mitral regurgitation

500

This murmur is associated with a teratogenic effect of maternal lithium use

Tricuspid regurgitation (Ebstein anomaly)

Pharmacology

100

This antibiotic is used for empiric treatment of infective endocarditis

Vancomycin

200

This drug is the first-line treatment for acute bradycardia and works by blocking parasympathetic input to the heart.

Atropine

300

Combining nitrates with this class of drugs can cause life-threatening hypotension due to extreme vasodilation

Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors 

400

This GI side effect is associated with verapamil and diltiazem

Constipation

500

With chronic use, this drug classically cause ST-segment depression with a "scooped" appearance

Digoxin