Heart Blood Vessels

Vein-tastic Trivia

100

Which capillaries are the leakiest?

Sinusoidal

200

Which organ removes old red blood cells?

Spleen

BONUS: Which pulp is this done at? 

300

What is the yellow pigment from heme breakdown?

Bilirubin

BONUSSS: Whats the condition when bilirubin levels are too high?

ANOTHER 1: Whats is that caused by? 

400

Which leukocytes fight parasitic worms?

Eosinophils

BONUS: most to least abundant Leuks: GO!

500

What causes sickle cells to get stuck in capillaries?

Abnormal hemoglobin (HbS) shape

Blood sweat and tears

100

What are the major components of blood

1. Plasma

2. formed elements or "buffy coat" 

Bonus: what are the 3 types of formed elements ?


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RBCs, WBCs, platelets 

EXTRA Bonus: other names for them? whats the percentage of each?

200

the plasma is composed of? 

90% water, 9% proteins, 1% polar molecules 

300

What part of the conduction system causes the AV node delay?

Fibrous skeleton and fewer gap junctions

400

What is the name of the heart’s main pacemaker?

SA node

500

hat hormone increases RBC production?

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Vessel Vibes

100

Whats the process of spinning a mixture liquid solution sample into its fluids based on their densities

Centrifuge
 

200

Which layer of a blood vessel controls vasodilation?

Tunica media

BONUS: what kind of tissue do we find here? 

BONUSSx1:(many answers ) why would we need to vasodilate blood vessels? 

BONUSSSx2: (also many answers) can you name a hormone that does this?


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1) Many 

• To cool down the body (in heat)

• To increase blood flow to active muscles (e.g. during exercise)

• To lower blood pressure

• In response to inflammation or injury

• To allow nutrients and oxygen to reach tissues faster

2) Several are valid: 

• Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) – causes vasodilation to reduce blood pressure

• Nitric oxide (NO) – a gas released by endothelial cells that causes vasodilation

• Histamine – dilates vessels during allergic reactions/inflammation

• Bradykinin – another vasodilator in inflammation

• Epinephrine – can cause vasodilation in some vessels (like skeletal muscles) and vasoconstriction in others (like skin/digestive organs)

300

Smallest veins are called ?

Venules

400

What structure prevents backflow in veins?

Venous valves

500

The hole present in the interatrial septum of a fetal heart is called 

foramen ovale

BONUS: why does this exist?

Pressure Points

100

What is the normal systolic blood pressure?

120mmHg

200

What happens to blood flow if resistance increases?

Pressure decreases

BONUSSS: how does your body increase resistance ?

300

Which system regulates short-term BP changes?

Sympathetic nervous system 

BONUS: what hormone does this?
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..Epi/NE

400

Which vessel type has the slowest blood flow?

Capillaries

BONUS: why? 

500

This hormone is released by the kidneys when blood pressure drops and leads to increased blood volume and vasoconstriction

Renin

BONUS: 

x1: What hormone does renin help activate? 

x2: What does angiotensin II trigger the release of? 

x3: What does aldosterone do?

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thats a Cool Clot

100

What cells help form blood clots?

Platelets 

200

The inactive form of fibrin is called

Fibrinogen

300

Whats the vitamin needed for clotting factor production?

Vitamin K

400

What enzyme breaks down fibrin?

Plasmin

500

The condition that involves excessive clotting in deep veins?

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)