Anatomy
Physiology
Ultrasound
Vascular
Other
100

This structure lies anterior to the spine and posterior to the body of the pancreas in the transverse plane.

What is the aorta?

100

Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?

The small intestine.

100

This is an echogenic, triangular structure see on the liver ultrasound.

What is ligamentum teres?

100

In a duplex Doppler exam, aliasing typically indicates this.

What is the presence of high-velocity flow exceeding the Nyquist limit. Can sometimes suggest a stenosis

100

Which imaging mode is used to assess motion such as fetal heartbeat or valve movement in real time?

What is M-mode (motion mode)?

200

This vessel branches anteriorly from the aorta just below the diaphragm and supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen.

What is the celiac trunk (or celiac axis)?

200

What gland controls many other endocrine glands and is located in the brain?

The pituitary gland.

200

A simple renal cyst appears how on ultrasound?

Anechoic, thin-walled, round/oval, with posterior acoustic enhancement

200

Which vessel is evaluated for thrombosis in a lower extremity venous duplex scan and can be found at the level of the inguinal region

What is CFV?

200

This artifact causes duplication or mirror-image appearance of structures, typically seen near the diaphragm or pleura.

What is mirror image artifact?

300

A longitudinal band of fibers that forms a central anterior attachment for the muscle layers of the abdomen

What is Linea Alba?

300

Which hormone is released by the kidneys in response to decreased renal perfusion, triggering vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion?

What is renin?

300

This accessory duct of the pancreas is not typically seen on ultrasound.

What is duct of santorini?

300

Continuation of the SSV above the knee.

What is vein of Giacomini?

300

Name two techniques to improve visualization of a difficult-to-see organ.

What are: changing patient position, using deep inspiration, adjusting gain, using a lower frequency probe.

400

This muscle extends along the lateral surfaces of the lumbar vertebrae and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur to allow flexion of the thigh and trunk

What is psoas muscle?

400

This hormone promotes sodium and water retention, which can cause fluid overload 

What is Aldosterone?

400

On a transverse scan, this lobe of the liver is situated posterior to the ligamentum venosum and anterior to the IVC

What is the caudate lobe?

400

During calf muscle contraction, what happens to the perforator valves?

Perforator valves close

400

During inspiration, venous return to the heart from the lower extremities does what?

What is decrease?

500

What are the extrahepatic portions of the biliary system?

CHD, cystic duct, CBD

500

This surrounds the ejaculatory ducts and makes up 20% of prostate

What is central zone?
500

The bright, echogenic capsule seen on ultrasound surrounding the adult kidney is referred to as this.

What is Gerota’s fascia?

500

A spectral Doppler signal showing continuous, non-phasic venous flow in a lower extremity vein may suggest this type of normal or abnormal condition — depending on context.

What is proximal venous obstruction?

500

What is the key function of juxtaglomerular apparatus?

What is to secrete Renin?