The number, to the 100,000 of Emergent Bilinguals in California.
What is 5,800,000?
The theory that students will not learn a second language if they are bored, frustrated, overwhelmed, or unhappy.
What is the "affective filter" theory of second language acquisition?
This theory of second language acquisition posits that students will refuse to learn a second language if they feel that the speakers of that language, including teachers, do not respect their home communities.
What is the sociocultural theory of second language acquisition?
Languages tend to get equated with language speakers, in terms of status and power. This can be called "linguistic profiling, or..."
What is raciolinguistics?
Because students might know content but be unable to "show what they know" because of the language of the assessment.
Why might a test in English be problematic?
15%
What is the percentage of Emergent Bilingual students in Calfornia?
This theory argues that teachers need to make content accessible and comprehensible, i.e., by using gestures and visuals such as charts or objects.
What is the "comprehensible Input theory" of second language acquisition?
This theory argues that emergent bilingual students need opportunities to engage in goal-oriented activities like projects with native speakers of English, so that the EBs have authentic reasons to use their English for real purposes.
What is the second language acquisition theory of "interaction with native speakers?"
What is a way that raciolinguistics can affect EB students?
An assessment that is valid because it is assessing emergent bilingual students' knowledge of the English language.
What is "an assessment in English?"
The label for a student who is not yet fully proficient in English.
What is an Emergent Bilingual?
This theory posits that students will not learn a second language if they constantly have to watch over the grammatical correctness of what they say- if they have to be worried about making small mistakes as they speak or write.
What is the "monitor theory" of second language acquisition?
This theory argues that emergent bilingual students need many opportunities to talk to each other in order to learn English.
What is the "comprehensible output" theory of second language acquisition?
Teachers sitting on hiring committees may be reluctant to hire an applicant with accented English.
What is a way that raciolinguistics can affect teachers?
Math benefits that bilinguals have.
What are benefits in the meaning of math- e.g., what a number or a concept means versus just memorizing an algorithm (2+3=5)
The top three language groups and their percentages in California.
What are Spanish (80%), Mandarin (2%), and Vietnamese (1%)?
This theory argues that students acquire a second language naturally gets acquired by students as they use it, as opposed to simply learning a language through filling out worksheets.
What is the "Acquisition versus Learning" theory of second language acquisition?
Students who are multilingual and fully proficient in English.
What is a "language minority" student?
A bilingual person is a person who can speak two languages, and has completed mastery of each language. They can speak each language in any situation, and have high academic skills in each language.
What is a monolingual view of bilingualism?
Literacy/reading benefits that bilinguals have.
What are "understandings that language is just a label- cognitive flexibility- leading to advantages in early reading?"
The top three language groups and their percentages in Sacramento County.
What are Spanish (13%), Farsi (3%), and Russian (2%)?
This theory posits that students learn a second language from the simplest language first (e.g., present tense, simple nouns), and then gradually learn more difficult, sophisticated language structures (e.g., clauses).
What is the "natural order" theory of second language acquisition?
Students who speak English as an additional language and are not yet fully proficient in English.
What is an "emergent bilingual student?"
A teacher might label an EB student as not bilingual or skilled in their own language if they don't read or write it, or don't know a vocabulary word in their own language. The teacher might think the student is not proficient in any language.
Why might a monolingual view of bilingualism be problematic?
A research-based response to a teacher who wants to tell parents to stop speaking their native language to their children.
What is saying: "bilingual children can tell languages apart even as infants, and the research shows that they know which language to speak to whom, even at 2 years old"?