Scientific Method
This is the variable you measure in an experiment
What is the dependent variable
The smallest unit of matter that still has the properties of an element.
What is an atom?
These are the monomers of carbohydrates.
What are monosaccharides?
The monomers of proteins are called this.
These are the monomers of nucleic acids.
What are nucleotides?
In an experiment testing plant growth under different colors of light, the color of light is this type of variable.
What is the independent variable?
Monomers are small molecules that can join together to form these larger molecules.
What are polymers?
The main function of carbohydrates in living things.
What is short term energy?
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering this.
What is activation energy?
DNA contains this sugar, while RNA contains ribose.
What is deoxyribose?
This step of the scientific method involves making an educated guess about the outcome.
What is forming a hypothesis?
A solution with a pH of 2 is classified as this.
What is an acid?
Bird feathers have a waxy coating that helps keep them waterproof. This coating is made of hydrophobic molecules that are part of this macromolecule group.
What is a lipid?
When an enzyme loses its shape and can no longer function, it is said to be this.
What is denatured?
The main function of DNA.
What is storing genetic information?
Lina is testing how temperature affects how fast sugar dissolves in water. She times how long it takes for sugar to dissolve at 20°C, 40°C, and 60°C, and records her results in a table.
What step of the scientific method is Lina performing?
What is collecting and analyzing data?
A scientist joins two glucose molecules together and water is released as a byproduct.
What is the name of this process?
What is dehydration synthesis (or condensation reaction)?
A marathon runner eats pasta the night before a race to store energy. Inside her body, enzymes link glucose molecules together into glycogen.
What type of reaction is the enzyme performing?
what is dehydration synthesis (or condensation reaction?)
A snake’s venom contains an enzyme that breaks down proteins in muscle tissue. This helps the snake digest its prey faster.
What type of macromolecule is the venom enzyme?
What is a protein?
In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine. In RNA, adenine pairs with this base instead.
What is uracil?
Jimmy is testing how the amount of fertilizer affects plant height. He uses the same type of plant, the same soil, and gives them the same amount of sunlight and water.
What are the things Jimmy is keeping the same called?
What are constants
During digestion, enzymes break down starch into glucose by adding water molecules to the bonds.
What is the name of this process?
What is hydrolysis?
A whale stores large amounts of energy in thick layers of blubber. This blubber is made of triglycerides, which are a lipid. How will the lipids function in the blubber to assist this animal?
What is insulation?
A student adds an enzyme to a solution and notices the reaction stops after adding strong acid, even though the enzyme is still present.
What most likely happened to the enzyme?
What is it was denatured due to the pH change?
A scientist zooms in on a molecule and sees it is single-stranded, contains uracil instead of thymine, and has a ribose sugar.
What molecule is she looking at?
What is RNA?