Rhetorical Appeals
This rhetorical appeal targets the audience's emotions to persuade them.
What is pathos?
In MLA format, this goes at the end of a research paper and lists all the sources cited.
What is a Works Cited page?
This part of the Writing Formula “sets the stage for the argument,” connects to the audience, and includes a hook, introduction to the topic, and thesis.
What is the introduction?
This is the first stage of the writing process, where you generate ideas through brainstorming, freewriting, or clustering.
What is prewriting?
This appeal uses logic, evidence, and reasoning to support an argument.
What is logos?
When using MLA, in-text citations typically include this information in parentheses.
What is the author's last name and page number?
In the Writing Formula, this section gives readers the necessary context or information to understand the topic, but should balance between too little and too much.
What is background info?
In this stage, you focus on improving content and structure—not grammar—by adding, deleting, or reorganizing ideas.
What is revising?
This appeal establishes the speaker’s credibility and character.
What is ethos?
In MLA format, titles of longer works like books or films should be formatted this way.
What is italicized?
Described as “the meat of the paper,” this section supports the main argument with structured points, evidence, and wrap‑up sentences—and is often the longest part.
What is the argument?
This stage focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, and sentence-level issues.
What is editing?
A commercial featuring a doctor recommending a product is most likely using this appeal.
What is ethos?
This phrase refers to copying someone else’s words or ideas without giving credit.
What is plagiarism?
This optional section anticipates objections or questions readers might have and addresses them—but only when it fits the audience and argument.
What is the counter argument?
This is the final step of the writing process, where you turn in or publish your polished work.
What is publishing (or submitting)?
This type of rhetorical appeal might include statistics, historical examples, or cause-and-effect reasoning.
What is logos?
If a source has no known author, MLA style says you should use this in the in-text citation instead.
What is the title of a source?
This section restates the thesis, brings the topic full circle by referring back to the introduction (like answering a question or finishing a story), and leaves readers with something powerful to think about.
What is the conclusion?
This often-overlooked step happens throughout the writing process and involves reflecting on your goals, audience, and purpose to make intentional decisions at every stage
What is metacognition?