Blood banking
The minimum hemoglobin concentration in a finger stick from a male blood donor is
a. 12.0g/dL (120g/L)
b.12.5g/dL (125g/L)
c.13.0g/dL(130g/L)
d.13.5g/dL(135g/L)
C. 13.0g/dL (130g/L)
The hemoglobin for women shall be ≥12.5g/dL (hematocrit ≥38%) and the hemoglobin for men shall be ≥13.0g/dL (hematocrit ≥39%)
question(1) pg: 1 answer pg: 61
The majority of the iron in an adult is found as a constituent of:
A. Hemoglobin
B. Hemosiderin
C. Myoglobin
D. Transferin
Answer: A. Hemoglobin
Explanation: 2/3 of iron in the body is bound to hemoglobin. Myoglobin also has iron, but in lesser amounts.
Question: page 279
Explanation: page 335
The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is call:
A. glycogenesis
B. Glycogenolysis
C. Gluconeogenesis
D. Glycolysis
D. glycolysis
Explanation: Definition of Glycolysis
Question Page: 111
Explanation Page: 168
Which of the following is the most appropriate organism and media combination?
a) Vibrio species -Skirrow
b) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli -phenylethyl alcohol (PEA)
c) Campylobacter species -charcoal yeast extract
d) Yersinia enterocolitica -cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN)
d) cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN)
(Vibrio species-TCBS agar, Campylobacter species-Campy-BA, and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli MacConkey sorbitol agar.)
page 415, question 17
1. Cells known to be actively phagocytic include…
A. Monocytes, basophils, neutrophils
B. Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes
C. Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils
B
Explanation: lymphocytes and basophils are not phagocytic
Question page 601
Explanation page 640
An acceptable storage temperature for Red blood cells Frozen is:
a. -80 C
b. -20 C
c. -12 C
d. 4 C
a. -80C
Red blood cells frozen with 40% glycerol are stored at -65C or lower
question(26) pg 4 answer pg:62
In the normal adult, the spleen acts as a site for:
A. Storage of red blood cells
B. Production of red blood cells
C. Synthesis of erythropoietin
D. Removal of imperfect and aging cells
Answer: D. Removal of imperfect and aging cells
Explanation: The major function of the spleen is to remove defective and aging cells, especially RBCs, in the process called culling.
Question: page 283
Explanation: page 337
Transportation of 60-75% of the plasma cholesterol is performed by:
A. chylomicrons
B. very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
C. low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
D. High-density lipoproteins (HDL)
Answer: C Low-density lipoproteins
Explanation: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transports about 70% of the total plasma cholesterol. HDL transports a smaller portion of the cholesterol through reverse-cholesterol transport from peripheral cells. Chylomicrons and VLDL transport triglycerides.
Question Page: 114
Explanation Page: 171
Which of the following specimen types is considered to be the most sensitive for the recovery of Brucella in cases of chronic infection?
a) Blood
b) Urine
c) Bone marrow
d) Lymph node
c) Bone marrow
(Bone marrow is considered one of the most sensitive specimens for the recovery of Brucella)
Page 421, question 52
2 - Normal serum constituents that can rapidly increase during infection, injury or trauma are referred to as:
A. Haptens
B. Acute phase reactants
C. Opsonins
C
Explanation: this is the definition of acute phase reactants
Question page 601
Explanation 640
Upon inspection, a unit of Apheresis Platelets is noted to have visible clots, but
a. 1 day
b. 4 days
c. 14 days
d. 28 days
b. 4 days
Thawed plasma has an expiration date of 5 days form the date the produce was thawed. This product was already thawed for 24 hours, leading 4 days before expiration.
question(36) pg 5, answer pg 62
A characteristic morphologic feature in hemoglobin C disease is:
A. Macrocytosis
B. Spherocytosis
C. Rouleaux formation
D. Target cells
Answer: D. Target cells
Explanation: Peripheral blood cell morphology in HbC disease characteristically includes target cells and hexagonal or rod-shaped crystals(hemoglobin C crystals).
Question: page 289
Explanation: page 339
The order of migration in serum protein electrophoresis at pH 8.6, beginning with the fastest migration is as follows:
A. albumin, alpha-1 globulin, alpha-2 globulin, beta globulin, gamma globulin
B. alpha-1 globulin, alpha-2 globulin, beta globulin, gamma globulin, albumin
C. albumin, alpha-2 globulin, alpha-1 globulin, beta globulin, gamma globulin
D. gamma globulin, beta globulin, alpha-2 globulin, alpha-1 globulin, albumin
A. albumin, alpha-1 globulin, alpha-2 globulin, beta globulin, gamma globulin
Explanation: the pore size on the agarose allows proteins to pass through, allowing for separate based on their charge-to-mass ratio only
Question Page: 134
Explanation Page: 181
A child is bitten on the arm by their sibling, and the wound culture grows a slender gram gram-negative bacilli with these characteristics:
-Growth on SBA: colonies that "pit" the agar
-Colony odor: like bleach
-Catalase: Negative
-Oxidase: Positive
ID of the organism is:
a) Moraxella catarrhalis
b) Eikenella corrodens
c) Kingella kingae
d) Legionella pneumoniae
b) Eikenella corrodens
("Pitting the agar" and the bleach smell of the colonies are hallmark characteristics of Eikenella corrodens.)
Page 436 question 120
3- After a penicillin injection a patient rapidly develops respiratory distress, vomiting, and hives. This rxn is mediated by…
A. IgG
B. IgA
C. IgM
D. IgE
D
Explanation: biological function of immunoglobulins: IgE mediates immediate type hypersensitivity
Question page 618
Explanation page 648
Which of the following antibodies is usually clinically insignificant?
a. anti-P
b. anti-P1
c. anti-P^k
d. anti-p
b. Anti-P1
Anti-P1 is usually IgM and clinically insignificant. Anti- P and anti P^k are found in individuals of the rare p individuals. Anti-p is not an antibody
question(65) pg: 9, answer pg 64
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is often a complication of:
A. PV
B. CML
C. CLL
D.HCL
Answer: C. CLL
Explanation: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia may be associated with an underlying lymphoproliferative disease such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL).
Question: page 294
Answer: page 343
Metabolic acidosis is described as a(n):
A. increase in CO2 content and pCO2 with a decreased pH
B. decrease in CO2 content with an increased pH
C. increase in HCO3- with an increased pH
D. decrease in HCO3- and pCO2 with a decreased pH
D. decrease in HCO3- and pCO2 with a decreased pH
Explanation: in metabolic acidosis, HCO3- levels are decreased due to either the bicarbonate being used as a buffer against acid build-up or bicarbonate being lost through the urine or GI tract, causing decreased pH.
Question Page: 147
Explanation Page: 187
>100 000 CFU/mL of a gram-negative bacilli are isolated on MacConkey from a urine specimen. Biochemical results are explained below:
-Glucose: acid, gas produced
-Indole: Negative
-Urea: Positive
-TDA: Positive
-H2S: Positive
The organism is most likely:
a) Morganella morganii
b) Proteus mirabilis
c) Proteus vulgaris
d )Providencia stuartii
b) Proteus mirabilis
(Morganella and Providencia do not produce H2S; the indole reaction differentiates P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris.)
Page 441, question 148
4- A patient has received mouse mAb therapy, and shows a false positive reaction in the sandwich assay. This is due to:
A. The mouse Ab in the patient serum reacting to the Ag
B. Antibody to a mouse virus
C. The production of monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance after the Ab treatment
D. The presence of human anti mouse antibody activity
D
Explanation: patients that have received mouse mAb therapy may have false positive when tested with a sandwich assay due to the mouse monoclonal IgM utilized to test for a hepatitis B surface antigen
Question page 636
Explanation page 660
Six units of Red Blood Cells are issued to the Or at 9am in a cooler, validated to maintain a temperature of 1-10 C for 2 hours. Forty minutes later, the cooler containing the units of blood is returned to the blood bank as surgery was cancelled. What should be done with these units ?
a. discard the units as they were issued to specific patient
b. inspect units and establish that appropriate temperature has been maintained
c. continue to store in cooler since surgery is rescheduled for tomorrow
d. put units back into inventory as only 40 minutes has elapsed since issue
b. inspect units and establish that appropriate temperature has been maintained
Blood may be returned to the blood bank after issue provided that 1) the container closure has not been disturbed, 2) at least 1 sealed segment is attached to the container 3) visual inspection of the unit is satisfactory and documented, and 4) the unit has been maintained at the appropriate storage or transport temperature
question 25 pg 4, Answer page: 62
Evidence of a hemolytic event is present in the peripheral blood smear when which of the following is seen:
A. Basophilic stippling
B. Increased polychromasia
C. Increased target cells
D. Stomatocytes
Answer: B. Polychromasia
Explanation: In a hemolytic event, the blood smear may reveal polychromasia as evidence of bone marrow compensation from anemia.
Question: page 325
Answer: page 359
Urine creatinine: 90 mg/dL (7956 umol/L); Serum Creatinine: 0.90 mg/dL (79.6 umol/L); Patient's total body surface: 1.73 m2 (avg. = 1.73 m2); total urine volume in 24 hours: 1500 mL
A. 104
B. 124
C. 144
D. 150
A. 104
Explanation: Creatinine clearance = (urine creatinine x urine volume [mL/min] / serum creatinine) x 1.73 / total body surface/
Question Page: 143
Explanation Page: 185
Which nematode produces eggs with characteristic hyaline polar plugs at each end?
a) Ascaris lumbricoides
b) Necator americanus
c) Strongyloides stercoralis
d) Trichuris trichiura
d) Trichuris trichiura
(Trichuris, the whipworm, produces barrel-shaped eggs that have"plugs" or thickenings on each end.)
Page 472, question 332
5- The results of an anti-nuclear antibody test is a tiger of 1:320 with a peripheral pattern. Which set of data best correlate with these results?
A. Anti-DsDNA titter 1:80 and a high titer of Ab to Sm
B. Anti- mitochondrial antibody titer 1:60 and Abs to RNP
C. Anti-Scl-70 and antibodies to single stranded DNA
D. High titters of anti-SS-A and anti-SS-B
A
Explanation: peripheral pattern reacts with the antigenic determinants of double strandedness of DNA
Question page 627
Explanation 655