Section 1
What was the primary cause of the Agricultural Revolution?
improved farming techniques
What was a major challenge faced by rapidly growing cities?
poor sanitation and housing
What labor-related factor contributed to England's industrial success?
large number of workers
Which geographic factor contributed to the United States becoming an industrial powerhouse?
vast territory with lots of natural resources
Which invention significantly contributed to the mechanization of agriculture?
Steam engine
The Agricultural Revolution led to
increased food surpluses
Which natural resource was crucial for England's Industrial Revolution, particularly in powering steam engines?
coal
Which cultural factor contributed to the rapid industrialization of Western Europe?
cultural diffusion/assimilation
What was a major trade route in the Atlantic Slave Trade?
The Middle Passage
Approximately how many Africans were forcibly transported to the Americas during the Atlantic Slave Trade?
12 million
Which country is credited with starting the Industrial Revolution?
England
How did the development of the steam engine primarily impact transportation?
helped create a more efficient railroad system
What was the biggest technological innovation that revolutionized the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution?
mass steel production
Which advancement significantly reduced the spread of infectious diseases in the 19th century?
modern medicine
How did the widespread use of electricity impact people's daily lives?
made communication easier
What was a significant social benefit of industrialization and scientific innovation in Europe?
improved overall life expectancy
What was a major social cost associated with the industrialization of Europe?
harsh working conditions
What was NOT a common attempt to address the social costs of industrialization?
encouraging child labor
Which economic theory is characterized by private ownership of the means of production and a free market system?
Capitalism
In which economic system does the government control the means of production and distribution of goods?
Communism