Feudal Hierarchy
What is a Monarch?
King or Queen
What was the most powerful institution in Medieval Europe?
The Catholic Church
The time know as the Middle Ages?
500-1500
Who was Charlemagne crowned emperor of the Romans by?
Pope Leo III
This was the cause that led to the first crusade...
Pope Urban II was threatened by the Muslim people.
What did Nobles do?
They managed large estates and protected vassals.
What did the Church do for people?
It provided spiritual guidance, education, and social services.
What year, and why did Charlemagne's empire fall?
814 when Charlemagne passed away.
This Viking led followers to Greenland.
Erik the Red
This man lead a crusade and eventually becomes the ruler of Palenstine.
Godfrey of Bouillon
What was a Knight?
A horse riding warrior; typically wore armor and carried a weapon.
Another name for Priests, Bishops and Monks who often influenced politics and Kings.
Clergy
In 936, this duke becomes king of the Germans.
Otto The Great
These two men became famous writers during the 1300's and 1400's
Dante Alighieri (1321) and Geoffrey Chaucer (1400)
The Byzantine Empire was the target for this Crusade
The Fourth in 1202.
What was a Vassal?
A Vassal was a person who promised loyalty to the Monarch and military in return for land.
What did the Church teach about the kings ruling?
The king rules by divine right; meaning from God.
In 1000, this Viking sailed from Greenland to Newfoundland.
Leif Eriksson
This man did frequent research and was able to predict the invention of glasses, motorized ships and carriages, and flying machines.
Roger Bacon
This Crusade was fought against non-Christians in Spain.
Reconquista
What was a serf?
A serf worked the land in exchange for protection and a place to live.
What is Chivalry?
Code of honor/behavior for knights.
Between what two years did all the Crusades take place?
1095-1291
This man strengthened the Byzantine Empire after 13 previous rulers could not.
Alexius Comnenus
This man lead "the People's Crusade."
Peter the Hermit