Review 1
What is chunking?
Tammy spaces out studying her physics material over time to better her long-term retention for tests.
What is the spacing effect?
Tara's memory of her 3rd birthday party is distorted because of the misleading stories her mom tells each year.
What is the misinformation effect?
Jack recalls a news story about a house fire that occurred in his hometown but doesn't remember what news channel he was watching.
What is source amnesia?
This part of the brain encodes emotional memories, especially fear-related ones.
What is the amygdala?
This type of memory involves conscious recall of declarative facts and experiences.
What is explicit memory?
Mr. Johnson gives multiple quizzes over the course of a unit. This multiple testing strategy has improved his students memory before giving them a big unit test.
What is the testing effect?
This part of the brain involves the formation of new explicit memories to consolidate them for memory.
What is the hippocampus?
When studying, Sally spends time mixing different topics instead of studying only one subject.
What is interleaving?
This part of the brain that is involved in the formation of implicit memories, like motor skills.
What is the cerebellum?
Jack is trying to recall an answer to a test. He knows the concept but the vocabulary word is on the tip of his tongue.
What is retrieval failure?
Maria was in 5th grade when her teacher turned on the TV and she first saw the news about a major hurricane hitting her state. To this day, she remembers exactly what the classroom looked like, who was sitting next to her, and what she felt in that moment.
What is a flashbulb memory?
This type of memory is one reason why phone numbers are 7 numbers long.
This type of memory holds information for a few seconds, just long enough to be processed.
What is sensory memory?
During math class, Jordan couldn’t remember the formula for the quadratic equation. Later that night, while sitting back in the same seat in math class during study hall, the formula suddenly came to him.
What is a context-dependent memory?
To remember the order of the planets in the solar system, Marcus says the sentence “My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos.”
What is a mnemonic?
When Maya studied for her history test while drinking a big cup of coffee, she found she remembered the material best when she had coffee again during the test.
What is a state-dependent memory?
Even though he hasn’t ridden a bike in years, Chris hops on and pedals away without having to consciously think about how to balance or steer.
What is an procedural/implicit memory?
This type of encoding happens without conscious effort, such as remembering what you had for dinner last night.
What is automatic processing?
While trying to remember the name of her middle school science teacher, Lila suddenly thinks about the classroom pet hamster they had — and right away the teacher’s name comes back to her. The hamster acted as what kind of memory aid?
What is a retrieval cue?
After practicing the piano every day for weeks, Jake notices that it becomes easier and easier to play his song from memory. The repeated practice strengthened the connections between his neurons, making learning more permanent.
What is long-term potentiation?
When you study for a test or exam, which requires your attention for remembering is a process called:
What is effortful processing?
After getting a new locker combination this year, Alex keeps accidentally typing in last year’s combination instead of the new one. His old memory is making it harder to remember the new one. This is an example of what?
What is proactive interference?
This is a type of memory where you recall personal events or experiences.
What is episodic memory?
This is the process by which previously stored memories are recalled then altered before being stored again.
What is memory reconsolidation?