Muscle your way through
What does synergist mean?
Muscle that assist the main muscle in performing a movement
Where do the Vastus lateralis, Vastus intermedius, Vastus medialis and rectus femoris all insert?
Tibial tuberosity (via patella and patellar ligament)
Patella also could be accepted...
Which femoral condyle is more aligned with the shaft of the femur?
Lateral Condyle
Which ligament connects the patella to the tibial tuberosity?
Patellar Ligament
This nerve innervates the Vastus Intermedius, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, Rectus Femoris and Sartorius
Femoral Nerve
Name the 4 muscles that make up the Quadriceps
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Intermedius
Vastus Medialis
Where does the semitendinosus insert?
Pes anserinus tendon (Proximal, anteromedial shaft of tibia)
What bony landmark posteriorly separates the condyles of the femur? Extra 10 pts to name the BL on the anterior side
Posterior: Intercondylar Notch
Anterior: patellar groove
Primary restraint against anterior tibial translation
ACL
This nerve innervates the Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus.
Sciatic nerve
Name the 3 muscles that make up the Hamstrings?
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris
Where does the semimembranosus insert?
Posterior surface of medial tibial condyle
Knee flexion (open chain) involves which concave/convex relationship? Also state the expected roll and glide.
Convex on Concave
Posterior roll, anterior glide
Primary restraint against posterior tibial translation
PCL
This mechanoreceptor is found throughout the muscle and detects muscle length and rate of stretch
Muscle Spindles
Name 2 Muscles that work as synergists to the ACL? Extra 10 pts if you can name 3!
Hamstrings
Soleus
Gluteus Medius
Where does the biceps femoris insert?
Posterior head of the fibula
What kind of joint is the tibiofemoral joint and how many degrees of freedom does it have? (Extra 10 points for naming these)
Modified Hinge Joint
2 DoF
(Flexion/Extension)(IR/ER)
What are the main ligaments meant to prevents knee varus? what about valgus?
Varus: LCL (arcuate and POL also aid)
Valgus: MCL (arcuate and POL also aid)
This mechanoreceptor is located in the muscle tendons and is sensitive to active and passive tension
Golgi tendon organ
Name 2 muscles that work as antagonists to the ACL
Quadriceps
Gastrocnemius
Where does popliteus insert?
proximal, medial posterior surface of tibia
Name the origin and insertion site involved in Khalil's ACL repair? (what are the bony landmarks where the ACL inserts)
Origin: anterior tibial spine
Insertion: posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle
Name 3 of the 4 ligaments that resist knee hyperextension. (extra 10 points if you can name all 4)
ACL
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Arcuate Ligament
Posterior Oblique Ligament
Name 3-4 muscles involved in knee movement that would be affected if the tibial nerve was damaged
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Popliteus
Plantaris