Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry

Scientists

100

I am the scientist that was responsible for discovering the atom.  Who am I?

Democritus

200

My model was the first to show that the atom had a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.  What is it called?

Nuclear Model

300

I used the gold foil experiment to determine that a nucleus exists in the atom.  Who am I?

Ernest Rutherford

400

I am the scientist that said that the electrons orbit the nucleus.  I know my model is not accurate but it is still used in class to show electrons in energy levels.  Who am I?

Niels Bohr

500

Dalton's theory has four parts:  which are the two parts that we now know are not accurate. 

Atoms are indivisible.

All atoms of an element are identical.

Isotopes

100

How are isotopes of an atom different from each other?

Neutron number is different.

200

What does the "58" mean for the isotope Nickel-58?

the mass number

300

Using the isotope notation: ¹⁴₆ C

What does the 6 represent?

atomic number or number of protons

400

How many neutrons are found in ⁵⁶₂₆ Fe?

30

500

How many electrons are found in ²⁰⁷₈₂ Pb?

82

Average Atomic Mass

100

What is the very first thing I do when I am finding the average atomic mass for an isotope from the mass of the isotope and its % abundance?

Divide the % by 100

200

What do I do with the mass and abundance of the isotope to find the average atomic mass?

Multiple the mass and abundance of all isotopes and then add them together.

300

If the average atomic mass is found to be 14.007 for all isotopes of Nitrogen, which of the following is the most abundant? 

Nitrogen - 13

Nitrogen - 14

Nitrogen - 15

Nitrogen - 16

400

Find the average atomic mass of the following:

Isotope #1 - mass = 34.97; abundance = 75.77%

Isotope #2 - mass = 36.97; abundance = 24.23%

35.45 amu

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

100

Of the three nuclear decay particles, which is the MOST penetrating to human tissue?

gamma

200

Which of the nuclear decay particles has the LEAST mass?

Beta and Gamma

300

Which nuclear decay reactions change the nucleus of an atom?

alpha and beta

400

When Cobalt-60 goes through beta decay, what does it become?

Nickel-60

500

When ²³⁸₉₂ U goes through alpha decay, what is the atomic number of the new atom that is produced?

Thorium

Fission/Fusion

100

When two smaller nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, what is the process called?

Fusion

200

What type of  nuclear reaction releases large amounts of energy?

Both fission and fusion

300

Reactions used to generate energy in nuclear power plants; involves a larger isotope splitting into several different smaller elements are called:

Fission

400

Fission takes place in:

Fusion takes place in:

core of the earth

sun

500

What is required to start a chain reaction for a fission reaction?

a neutron