Potent p-values
This is the conventional cutoff value for deciding if results are statistically significant.
What is 0.05?
This variable describes the group or condition in an experiment that you deliberately change or manipulate.
What is the independent variable?
This test compares the means of two groups of continuous data.
What is a t-test?
This is the total number of individuals or data points measured in an experiment.
This British naturalist traveled on the HMS Beagle and developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
If a p-value is greater than 0.05, we do this with the null hypothesis.
What is "fail to reject"?
This variable is one that can take on any value along a scale, often numerical, and can include fractions or decimals.
Continuous variable
This test compares more than two groups of continuous data to see if their means differ.
What is an ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)?
This is the term for repeating a treatment or measurement multiple times improves reliability.
What is replication?
This British primatologist transformed our understanding of chimpanzee behavior through her decades of fieldwork in Gombe, Tanzania.
Who is Jane Goodall?
Acting as the baseline assumption in a statistical test, this is the formal statement that there is no effect or no difference in whatever you are testing.
What is a null hypothesis?
This variable is the outcome you measure in an experiment.
Dependent Variable
This test is used when you have a categorical dependent variable and when you are comparing two groups against each other.
What is a Chi-square test for independence?
Based on your hypothesis, this is a specific statement about what you expect to observe in the context of your experiment.
What is a prediction?
This 19th-century Austrian monk discovered the basic laws of inheritance by experimenting with pea plants.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This is the threshold you set before an experiment to decide how much risk of a false positive you are willing to accept.
What is an alpha value?
This variable places observations into distinct groups or categories that cannot be meaningfully divided into fractions or decimals.
What is a categorical variable?
This test is used when you have a categorical dependent variable and when you are comparing one group against a theoretical idea (or distribution).
What is a Chi-Squared Goodness of Fit test?
Phrased as an interrogative, this guides the entire experiment and describes what you want to investigate.
What is a research question?
This British chemist used X-ray crystallography to reveal the structure of DNA, work that was critical to Watson and Crickâs model.
Rosalind Franklin
This is defined as the probability of observing your results, or more extreme ones, if the null hypothesis is true.
What is a p-value?
This variable is not part of the independent or dependent variable but can still influence results.
What is a confounding variable?
This statistical test is used when one continuous variable predicts changes in another continuous variable.
What is a regression test?
This design feature not only reduces bias but also helps ensure that natural population variability is evenly represented across treatment groups.
This agricultural scientist and inventor promoted sustainable farming with peanuts, sweet potatoes, and crop rotation at Tuskegee Institute.
Who Is George Washington Carver?