1. The Importance of Listening Strategies
What percentage of communication time is spent on listening?
Around 40–50%.
What are the two main processes involved in listening?
Bottom-up and top-down processing.
What are the two purposes of listening?
Intensive and extensive.
What are the three stages of a listening lesson?
Pre-listening, while-listening, post-listening.
Which category of strategies includes monitoring and evaluating?
Metacognitive strategies.
How many words per minute do native speakers process in normal speech?
About 150–160 words per minute.
Which type of listening is used for exchanging information?
Transactional listening.
By how much can pre-listening activities improve comprehension?
By 30–35%.
How much can prediction improve listening comprehension?
By 20–25%.
How many words per minute can trained L2 learners usually process?
About 120–130 words per minute.
What percentage of communication relies on selective listening?
Around 60–70%.
What is the main focus of while-listening?
To understand the gist first and then details of the recording.
Why are listening strategies essential for learners?
Because they help learners actively process and understand input instead of passively hearing.
Why is listening considered active rather than passive?
Because it involves decoding, interpreting, and constructing meaning.
What does global listening focus on?
Understanding the gist or main idea.
What kinds of activities are included in post-listening?
Summarizing, discussions, role-plays, or writing tasks.
Give one example of a socio-affective listening strategy.
Asking for clarification when something is not understood.
What is one example of top-down listening?
Predicting the vocabulary of a weather forecast based on context.
Give one example of interactional listening.
Chatting casually with a friend.
By how much can post-listening activities increase retention?
By 25% or more.