Which Perfect Is It?
I ___ (never / try) sushi before.
have never tried
→ experience until now
Choose: “I ___ (have/had) lunch, so I’m not hungry.”
have had → result now
Which tense uses “since” and “for” for unfinished time?
Present perfect
Complete: I’m not hungry. I ___ (just / eat).
I’m not hungry. I have just eaten.
I had seen that movie last week.
I saw that movie last week.
(specific past time → past simple)
When I got to the cinema, the film ___ (already / start).
had already started
→ before another past event
Choose: “I ___ (have/had) lunch before I left the house.”
had had → before another past action
Which tense shows something before a finished time in the past?
Past perfect
Complete: When I arrived home, my sister ___ (cook) dinner.
When I arrived home, my sister had cooked dinner.
When I arrived, he has already left.
When I arrived, he had already left.
She ___ (finish) her homework, so she can relax now.
has finished
→ result in the present
What happened first? “I had finished my exam before the bell rang.”
Finished exam came first.
Choose: “I haven’t finished my homework ___.” (yet/already/before)
I haven’t finished my homework yet.
Make a 2-sentence story using have and had.
Example: I’ve lost my phone! I had left it in the taxi.
I have finished my homework before dinner yesterday.
I had finished my homework before dinner yesterday.
I ___ (meet) him once before the party last year.
had met
→ happened before a past event
Make a sentence: had + verb and past simple (show which happened first).
Example: I had done my homework before I went out.
Choose: “I ___ met my friend before that night.”
I had met my friend before that night.
Rewrite: “I finished my work. Then I watched TV.” → use past perfect.
I had finished my work before I watched TV.
They had lived here since 2010. (and they still do)
They have lived here since 2010.
We ___ (not see) each other since we left school.
haven’t seen
→ continues until now
Make a sentence: have + verb to talk about life experience (no specific time).
Example: I have visited Singapore twice.
Explain: What’s the difference between already in “I’ve already eaten” and “I had already eaten”?
Present perfect = result now; Past perfect = result before a past event.
Rewrite: “After I eat breakfast, I go to work.” → Use Past Perfect and Past Simple.
After I had eaten breakfast, I went to work.
She didn’t come because she has broken her leg.
She didn’t come because she had broken her leg.