SDLC & Requirements
What are the main stages of the SDLC?
Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, Maintenance
What is “modularity” in software design?
Dividing a system into smaller, manageable components
What are the four core Agile values?
Individuals & interactions, working software, customer collaboration, responding to change
What is the purpose of software testing?
To detect defects and ensure quality
What does CRUD stand for?
Create, Read, Update, Delete
What is the purpose of requirements engineering?
To identify and document what the system should do
Give two examples of software architecture patterns.
MVC, Layered, Microservices, Client-Server
Who are the three main Scrum roles?
Product Owner, Scrum Master, Development Team
Which type of test verifies individual functions or methods?
Unit Testing
What command stages changes in Git?
git add .
What’s the difference between functional and non-functional requirements?
Functional = what the system does; Non-functional = how it performs
What is the difference between structural and behavioral UML diagrams?
Structural = static structure; Behavioral = interactions over time
What is a sprint in Agile?
A fixed-length iteration (1–4 weeks) to deliver a working increment
Which test verifies that modules work correctly together?
Integration Testing
What is “technical debt”?
The cost of extra rework caused by shortcuts in development
What does WRSPM stand for?
World, Requirements, Specification, Program, Machine
What is the purpose of UML diagrams in software design?
To visualize and communicate system structure and behavior
What meeting helps the team plan the next sprint?
Sprint Planning
What test checks the system as a whole against requirements?
System Testing
What is an API?
A set of rules that lets applications communicate with each other
Why is validation different from verification in SDLC testing?
Verification ensures the product is built right; validation ensures the right product is built
Name one advantage of using a layered architecture.
Separation of concerns, easier maintenance, or scalability
What is the goal of a Sprint Retrospective?
To reflect on the process and identify improvements
What test ensures the system meets user/business needs?
Acceptance Testing
What’s the difference between Git and GitHub?
Git is version control; GitHub is a remote hosting platform for Git repositories