Show:
MC
MC2
MC3
MC4
Vocabulary
100

1. The sun's energy, fresh water, trees, rocks, and fossil fuels are all examples of:

  • A. non-market values
  • B. natural resources
  • C. economies
  • D. ecosystems
B. Natural Resources
100

In the United States, laws enacted from the late-1800s to the mid-1900s reflected the understanding that:

Answer: __________

  • A. the West's natural resources could be used up and required legal protection.
  • B. a sustainable future should be a primary goal.
  • C. Americans were living amid dirtier air, dirtier water, and more waste and toxic chemicals.
  • D. the amount of land and natural resources in the West were endless.
  • D. the amount of land and natural resources in the West were endless.
100

Greenpeace, Population Connection, and Conservation International are examples of:

Answer: __________

  • A. international treaties
  • B. European Union (EU) member states
  • C. World Bank members
  • D. Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)
  • D. Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)
100

Which step of the environmental policy process usually requires the use of science?

Answer: __________

  • A. helping a solution become a law
  • B. gaining access to policymakers
  • C. pinpointing causes of the problem
  • D. getting organized to take action
  • C. pinpointing causes of the problem
200

Water pollution from factories in Tijuana, Mexico, caused beach closures in San Diego, California, that hurt the local economy. Because the pollution did not directly affect the buyers or sellers of factory products, losses due to the pollution are considered ___________ costs.

  • A. external
  • B. internal
  • C. supply
  • D. demand
  • A. external
200

In the United States, during the 1960s and 1970s, what was one of the events that triggered increased awareness of environmental problems?

Answer: __________

  • A. the creation of the national park system
  • B. the publication of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson
  • C. the displacement of millions of Native Americans
  • D. a rapid increase in westward expansion
  • B. the publication of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson
200

12. What is one of the criticisms or weaknesses of the command-and-control approach to environmental policy?

Answer: __________

  • A. It is usually a complicated, indirect approach to environmental issues.
  • B. The command-and-control approach has never been successful in the area of environmental policy.
  • C. Companies competing in a free market will produce better solutions at lower cost than the government can.
  • D. Governments usually have the best, most well-informed ideas about environmental issues.
  • C. Companies competing in a free market will produce better solutions at lower cost than the government can.
200

a tax on companies that harm the
environment

Green Tax

300

Which of the following is one of the main goals of environmental policy?

  • A. restrict individual freedoms
  • B. maintain rapid economic growth
  • C. protect the rights of businesses
  • D. ensure that resources are shared fairly
  • D. ensure that resources are shared fairly
300

How did U.S. environmental policy shift in the 1980s?

Answer: __________

  • A. A backlash led to efforts to weaken federal environmental laws.
  • B. It was basically the same as in the 1960s and 1970s.
  • C. Most of the important environmental laws were finally passed.
  • D. There was a large push to achieve sustainability quickly.
  • C. Most of the important environmental laws were finally passed.
300

Why are government subsidies often controversial in the United States?

Answer: __________

  • A. They increase the prices of many products.
  • B. They are seen as a limit on individual rights and freedoms.
  • C. Subsidies are unable to encourage activities that protect the environment.

D. Enormous subsidies are provided for nonrenewable fossil fuels

D. Enormous subsidies are provided for nonrenewable fossil fuels.

300

efforts to influence an elected official to
support a specific interest

Lobbying

400

Producing effective environmental policy requires input from:

  • A. ethics
  • B. economics
  • C. science
  • D. all the above

D. All the above

400

Which statement best describes the current era of environmental policy in the United States?

Answer: __________

  • A. Policy has finally solved most serious environmental problems in the U.S.
  • B. Current policy continues the trends begun in the 1980s.
  • C. The focus has expanded from just cleaning up pollution to achieving sustainability.
  • D. Most policy is directed toward weakening federal and state environmental laws.
  • C. The focus has expanded from just cleaning up pollution to achieving sustainability.
400

A factory owner has permits to release 10 units of a certain pollutant, but only needs to release 5 units, so the owner sells the permits for the extra 5 units to a factory that releases more pollution than allowed. This is an example of a(n):

Answer: __________

  • A. government subsidy
  • B. cap-and-trade system
  • C. green tax
  • D. command-and-control system
  • B. cap-and-trade system
400

a formal set of plans for addressing
problems and guiding decision making

Policy

500

What is one of the main reasons a city like Pittsburgh has strong environmental policies?

Answer: __________

  • A. It is very wealthy and has vast financial resources.
  • B. All cities have strong environmental policies.
  • C. It has dealt with the impact of messy environmental cleanups.
  • D. It has always been aware of environmental issues.
  • C. It has dealt with the impact of messy environmental cleanups.
500

Air pollutants that are emitted in one country may travel on wind currents far across the globe and affect other countries. This is an example of a(n):

Answer: __________

  • A. internal cost
  • B. command-and-control approach
  • C. international treaty
  • D. transboundary problem
  • D. transboundary problem
500

What is the correct sequence of steps in the environmental policy process?

Answer: __________

  • A. identify the problem, find the cause, propose solutions, get organized, gain access to policymakers, guide the solution to law
  • B. identify the problem, get organized, propose solutions, find the cause, gain access to policymakers, guide the solution to law
  • C. find the cause, identify a problem, propose solutions, gain access to policymakers, get organized, guide the solution to law
  • D. propose solutions, find the cause, identify a problem, get organized, guide the solution to law, gain access to policymakers
  • A. identify the problem, find the cause, propose solutions, get organized, gain access to
500

a giveaway of cash or public resources to
encourage an activity or lower a product’s
price

Subsidy