Civil War/ Reconstruction
What is the "13th" Amendment?
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude throughout the United States, with the sole exception being as a punishment for a crime after a criminal conviction
Who gave the Buffalo Soldiers their name?
The Apache Tribe
What was the Buffalo Soldiers role in France?
Fought under French command for 191 days on the front lines
True or False: The Civil War was the deadliest war in history
True
What is the "14th" Amendment?
granted U.S. citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and guaranteed them "equal protection of the laws" and "due process" from state governments.
Who composes the Buffalo Soldiers?
composes: creates, makes up, consist of
African American men who had been formerly enslaved or freedmen joined the U.S. Army.
Sons of freedmen.
What Infantry number were they a part of?
369th Infantry
What president signed the 13th Amendment?
President Abraham Lincoln
What is the "15" Amendment?
prohibits states and the federal government from denying or abridging a citizen's right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What war did the Buffalo Soldiers partake in? (Not the Civil War)
The American Indian War OR The Spanish-American War
Who gave the Harlem Hellfighters their name? & Why?
German Soldiers; their fighting ability
Name the two different sides of the Civil War
(HINT: North vs South)
Union vs Confederacy
What was the goal for reconstruction?
rebuild the South, integrate freed African Americans, define rights of citizenship.
Name 2 specific jobs of the Buffalo Soldiers
Their jobs included protecting settlers moving west, building forts and roads, delivering mail, and fighting in the so-called “Indian Wars.”
What medal did the Harlem Hellfighters achieve?
The Croix de Guerre
What is a chain gang
Imprisoned Black men chained together doing hard labor
What was Ida B. Well's secret pen name (her secret name for certain papers)
Iola
Name one significance of the Buffalo Soldiers
Played a crucial role in westward expansion and frontier protection
Fought in the Indian Wars, Spanish-American War, and Phillipines-American War
Served as the first National Park Rangers
Helped build roads, telegraph lines, and forts in the West
Name a famous Harlem Hellfighter? Why was he famous?
Henrey Johnson, fought off almost 30 German soldiers with only a knife
What is sharecropping?
an agricultural labor system where farmers work land owned by others, paying their rent by giving a portion of their crop to the landowner. Following the American Civil War, this system replaced slavery as the dominant labor arrangement in the South, trapping many Black farmers in debt to white landowners and restricting their economic advancement through exploitative contracts.