identification terms
metacom
Also known as king philip, led the wompanog in the king philips war against the english colonists in order to resist colonial expansion
indian removal act
Signed into law by andrew jackson in 1830, the indian removal act saw the forced removal of many native american tribes across the country, such as the cherokee, primarily in the southeast. This caused the trail of tears.
how does the constitution refer to the original inhabitants of this land
indians
here were waves of violence that shook North America during the age of
colonization. How did Native peoples negotiate these waves of violence and their implications?
Armed Resistance and Warfare
Many Native nations fought to defend their lands, people, and ways of life.
Examples:
The Powhatan Wars (Virginia, 1600s)
The Pueblo Revolt (New Mexico, 1680)
The King Philip’s War (New England, 1675–76)
These uprisings sometimes forced Europeans to temporarily retreat or negotiate.
Alliances and Diplomacy
Some tribes formed strategic alliances—either with other Native nations or with European powers—to protect their interests.
Example: The Iroquois Confederacy played the British and French against each other to maintain autonomy.
Diplomacy allowed them to gain trade advantages and preserve influence in colonial politics.
Adaptation and Accommodation
Many Indigenous groups adapted aspects of European culture, technology, or trade (like metal tools, guns, or horses) while preserving core traditions.
Some converted to Christianity or adopted European agricultural techniques to survive under colonial rule.
Migration and Reorganization (Ethnogenesis)
To escape violence or disease, many groups migrated, merged with others, or formed new communities (ethnogenesis).
This helped preserve Native identity and culture even when traditional territories were lost.
ethnogenesis
The phenomenon of native american tribes being wiped out, regrouped, or split by the onset of colonial expansion and violence. forcing native americans to band together and create new culture and ethnic groups.
winter count
pictoral accounts of histories or calanders, and were used as a way of tribal record keeping. This was primarily used by the plains indian tribes.
which one of the following sic tribes was not a memeber on the five civilized tribes.
iroquois
What are some of the proposed theories that explain the origins of Native peoples
in the North American continent? Which one stands out to Native peoples and why?
Scientists promote the theories of migration, such as the bering straight theory or the costal migration theory. while native americans belive their own tradtional stories, such as the lakota story of emerging through the black hills region.
Pontiac
Odowa warrior who led the confederation of native tribes around the great lakes in the Pontiacs rebellion. Pontiac attacked fort detriot but ultimatly failed in his mission.
neolin
the lenape prophet who spread his religous revolation. He proclaimed that native americans needed to reject the goods and lifestyle of european settlers, and return to a more traditional way of life.
Which of the following was not part of the trading companies who shipped thousands of Europeans to
the New World in the 1600s:
East india company
The marshall trilogy
Three landmark supreme court cases from 1823 to 1832. These court cases defined native american sovereignty, created federal indian law, and definde the native american relationship with the us government.
the kennewick man
A native american skeleton found in the columbia river that was dated back to over 8000 years ago, and is the oldest most complete north american human skeleton found. The skeleton caused imense legal battles with local tribes and the federal governemnt over burial of native remains, and was eventually buried.
which nation wasnt apart of the peace league
anishinaabe
Tecemseh
Chief of the Shawnee tribe who was an avid support of native american resistance and tribal unity, and started a religious movement amongst native tribes. He eventually fought in the war of 1812, where he was eventually killed.