DEFINITIONS
What is a landform?
A natural physical feature of the solid surface of the Earth.
Which is the largest continent?
Asia.
What is a mountain?
An elevated portion of the Earth’s crust with sloping sides and a peak.
What is a volcanic mountain formed from?
Accumulation of lava, ash, and dust from eruptions.
Why do old fold mountains have gentle slopes?
Because they have been worn down by erosion over time.
What is topography?
The arrangement of landforms in a landscape.
Which continent is known as the “Land Down Under”?
Australia.
What are the three main types of mountains?
Fold, Block, and Volcanic Mountains
What is the vent of a volcano?
The opening through which lava erupts.
Which process builds up landforms, internal or external?
Internal (endogenous) processes.
What are the two main processes that shape the Earth’s surface?
Internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) processes.
What narrow strip of land connects North and South America?
Isthmus of Panama.
What causes the formation of Fold Mountains?
Compression and folding of the Earth’s crust.
What is a crater?
A funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcanic vent.
How do internal and external forces work together to shape the Earth’s surface?
Internal forces build landforms; external forces wear them down.
What is the difference between erosion and deposition?
Erosion wears down the surface; deposition rebuilds it.
Which continent is covered with ice and known as the “frozen land”?
Antarctica.
What causes Block Mountains to form?
Faulting, when land between cracks sinks, leaving blocks on either side.
Name two volcanic mountains in Italy.
Mt. Etna and Mt. Vesuvius.
Which continent is joined to Europe and forms Eurasia?
Asia
What percentage of the Earth’s surface is covered by land?
About 29%.
Which continent has the most indented coastline with many ports?
Europe.
What are the two types of Fold Mountains?
Old Fold Mountains and Young Fold Mountains.
Name three volcanic mountains from different continents.
Mt. Fuji (Asia), Mt. Mayon (Asia), Mt. Kilimanjaro (Africa).
Why are young fold mountains higher and steeper than old fold mountains?
They are newly formed and less affected by erosion.