CELL CYCLE
What is mitosis
Cell division to create new body cells
Which organelle houses genetic information?
Nucleus
What is Tay-Sachs?
Tay Sachs is Lysosomal Storage Disorder. Lysosomes cannot properly reak down waste material, this causes a deterioration of cognitive abilities.
What is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things?
CELLS!
What process moves substances across the cell membrane without energy?
passive transport/diffusion
During which phase do chromosomes first become visible?
Prophase
What organelle protects the cell and controls what enters and exits?
Cell membrane
What are the symptoms of mitochondrial disorder?
fatigue
cardiac disease
seizures
visual impairments
What do you call the process of cell division?
mitosis
What process moves substances across the cell membrane without energy?
Diffusion of water across a membrane
When do sister chromatids separate?
metaphase
What gives cells energy (ATP)?
Mitochondria
The malfunction of what organelle causes Cystic Fibrosis?
The cell membrane.
cell membrane does not allow for chloride ions to pass causing build up of mucus
A solution is 60% water and 40% salt. The solution is poured into a beaker that holds a cell with a concentration of 40% water and 60% salt. What type of solution is this (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)
Hypotonic. The orginal soltion outside of the cell has a higher concerntration of water than inside of the cell, causing water to rush inside of the cell making it swell.
What is active transport?
Diffusion that requires energy because molecules are going against the concentration gradient from lower concentration area to higher concentration area
Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell during which phase?
Metaphase
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Package and delivery
What cell organelle malfunction causes situs inversus totalis?
Malfunction of the cilia causes Situs Inversus Totalis. The cilia are needed to help with organ placement, without that there is a 50/50 chance that a person may end up with organs with inverse placement (Situs Inversus Totalis)
A solution is 70% water and 30% salt. The solution is poured into a beaker that holds a cell with a concentration of 70% water and 30% salt. What type of solution is this (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)
isotonic, concentrations inside and outside of the cell are equal
What role do transport proteins play in cell membranes?
Work as tunnels for molecules to enter/exit the membrane through
Describe the stages of mitosis in order. (ONLY INCLUDE THE 4 main phases)
Prophase: Chromosomes appear
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in middle of cell
Anaphase: Sister chromatids pull apart
Telophase: cells start to reform
What cell organelle breaks down waste material using enzymes?
Lysosome
What is the name for the disease related to malfunctioning cilia
Primary Ciliary Dyskenesia
A solution is 10% water and 90% salt. The solution is poured into a beaker that holds a cell with a concentration of 40% water and 60% salt. What type of solution is this (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)
Hypertonic. Although both inside and outside of the cell are lower in water concentration, the water concentration in the cell is still higher than the concentration outside of the cell. Water would rush out of the cell leaving it shrivelled.
If a cell has more mitochondria than a normal cell has, What might that mean?
It means that cell needs more energy.