Causes of the Civil War
Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin and what was it about?
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote it to show the moral evil of slavery.
Who was Harriet Tubman and what did she do?
Escaped slavery and led others to freedom using the Underground Railroad freed 300 people inducing her parents. Made 19 trips back to the south
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
: Fort Sumter — Confederate victory that started the war.
Define secede.
To formally withdraw from a political union.
What was Lincoln’s “Ten Percent Plan”?
10% of voters swore loyalty and accepted freedom for enslaved people.
What was the main purpose of the Missouri Compromise?
To keep a balance between free and slave states.
Who was Dred Scott and what was important about his Supreme Court case?
The Court ruled that enslaved people had no rights as citizens.
What was the bloodiest single day in American history?
Battle of Antietam — Union victory.
What is popular sovereignty?
The idea that people can vote to decide major issues like slavery.
Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln and where?
John Wilkes Booth at Ford’s Theatre.
How did the Compromise of 1850 try to keep peace between the North and South?
California entered as a free state while other territories voted on slavery.
Who was the President of the Confederacy?
Jefferson Davis.
What battle is known as the turning point of the Civil War?
: Gettysburg — Union victory that stopped Lee’s northern invasion.
What is total war and which general used it?
All-out destruction; General Sherman used it.
What were Black Codes?
Laws restricting the rights of freed African Americans.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and why did it lead to violence?
It allowed settlers to vote on slavery, overturning the Missouri Compromise, which caused conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas.”
Who was Stonewall Jackson and how did he get his nickname?
Confederate general known for holding firm at the Battle of Bull Run.
Explain the Anaconda Plan.
Union strategy to blockade the South and control the Mississippi River.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Lincoln’s order freeing enslaved people in Confederate states.
What was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction?
To intimidate Black citizens and stop them from voting.
Explain how the Election of 1860 helped start the Civil War.
Lincoln’s win angered the South, leading states to secede.
Compare Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis in leadership and goals.
Lincoln fought to preserve the Union; Davis aimed to preserve the Confederacy and slavery.
How did new technology change the Civil War?
Rifles, ironclads, and the telegraph made war deadlier and more modern.
What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments do?
Ended slavery, gave citizenship, and guaranteed voting rights.
Was Reconstruction a success or failure? Explain why.
it freed enslaved people and passed amendments, but racial equality was not achieved.