GIT
The main symptom of oesophageal disease that means difficulty swallowing.
dysphagia
The most common cause of oesophagitis.
GOR
The bile pigment formed from the breakdown of red blood cells.
bilirubin
The most common cause of lung cancer
cigarette smoking
The subtype of lung cancer most common in non-smokers and females
adenocarcinoma
This oesophageal condition can result from prolonged portal hypertension
oesophageal varices
Barrett’s oesophagus involves replacement of this epithelium type.
stratified squamous epithelium replaced by columnar epithelium with goblet cells
This structure stores vitamin A and becomes activated during liver fibrosis.
stellate cells
In viral oesophagitis, these two viruses most commonly affect the oesophagus of immunocompromised patients
HSV and CMV
This disease is due to failure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax.
achalasia
autoimmune gastritis attacks _________ in the stomach
parietal cells and intrinsic factor
The most common congenital abnormality of the oesophagus, often associated with congenital heart disease.
tracheo-oesophageal fistula
This gastric tumour arises from the interstitial cells of Cajal and often carries a c-KIT mutation.
GIST
The presence of keratin pearls under microscopy suggests this lung cancer subtype.
squamous cell carcinoma
In alcoholic liver disease, this enzyme system produces reactive oxygen species that cause hepatocyte injury.
CYP2E1
Chagas disease pathogen name
Trypanosoma cruzi
The most common primary liver malignancy
hepatocellular carcinoma