Function
This muscular tube carries food from the throat to the stomach and is seen in a barium swallow study.
What is the esophagus?
This combining form means stomach and is used in terms like gastroscopy and gastritis.
What is gastr/o?
This term means tumor of the liver and can be benign or malignant.
What is hepatoma?
This procedure uses an endoscope and X-rays to visualize the bile and pancreatic ducts and can also remove stones or take biopsies.
What is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
GERD
What is Gastroesophageal reflux disease?
This J-shaped sac mixes and stores food and secretes chemicals for digestion.
What is the stomach?
This combining form refers to the liver.
What is hepat/o?
This term means inflammation of the gallbladder.
What is cholecystitis?
This radiographic study uses barium contrast to image the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
What is an upper GI series?
UGI
What is Upper Gastrointestinal series?
This is the first 10 to 12 inches (25 cm) of the small intestine.
What is the duodenum?
This combining form means colon or large intestine and appears in terms like colonoscopy.
What is col/o (or colon/o)?
This term means abnormal condition of multiple polyps in the colon, which may lead to cancer if untreated.
What is polyposis?
This surgery reduces the size of the stomach to treat severe obesity.
What is bariatric surgery?
H. Pylori
What is Helicobacter pylori (bacteria that can cause peptic ulcers)
This is the main portion of the large intestine, divided into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid sections.
What is the colon?
This combining form means gall, bile and is found in words like cholecystectomy.
What is chol/e?
This term means inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infection or alcohol abuse.
What is hepatitis?
This term describes an abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, often seen on abdominal imaging.
What is ascites?
MBS
What is Modified Barium Swallow?
These two accessory organs help digest fats — one produces bile, and the other stores it.
What are the liver and gallbladder?
This combining form means pancreas, an organ important in digestion and insulin production.
What is pancreat/o?
This term means stone in the salivary gland that can block saliva flow.
What is sialolith?
This test examines stool using antibodies to detect hidden blood, helping screen for colon cancer.
What is the fecal immunochemical test (FIT)?
ERCP
What is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography?