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1

In this phase of meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes pull away from each other, breaking the chiasmata.

Anaphase I

2

These are the X-shaped physical connections between homologous chromosomes that form during prophase I of meiosis, resulting from genetic recombination (crossing over) between non-sister chromatids.

Chiasmata

3

This structure joins sister chromatids together after DNA replication, ensuring they are held in place until cell division.

Centromere

4

In this substage of Prophase I, the crossover occurs.

Pachytene

5

It is the process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, typically occurring during Prophase I.

Crossover

madali yan sha

1

It is a disc-like structure that forms in the center of a dividing plant cell during cytokinesis to create a new cell wall between two daughter cells.

Cell Plate

2

These mitotic spindles is responsible for cell elongation, help to push the poles further apart.

Interpolar Microtubules

3

The tight pairing of the homologous chromosomes is called ___________.

Synapsis

4

It the structure formed when a pair of homologous chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) comes together during prophase I, creating a group of four chromatids.

Tetrad/Bivalent

5

In this substage of Prophase I, the chiasmata move toward the ends of the chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope breaks down, preparing for Metaphase I.

Diakinesis

oa sa dali

1

It is a cell division process that produces gametes by reducing a parent cell's chromosomes by half, from a diploid to a haploid state.

Meiosis

2

These are short microtubules that radiate outwards from the centrosome to the cell membrane that anchor the spindle poles to the cell's periphery and position the spindle within the cell.

Astral Microtubules

3

It is an actin- and myosin-based structure that generates constricting force to create a cleavage furrow, pinching the cell into two daughter cells.

Actin/Contractile Ring

4

These are protein complexes on the synaptonemal complex during meiotic prophase I that are the sites where crossing over takes place.

Recombination Nodules

5

It is a plant cell-specific structure made of microtubules and actin filaments that forms during late mitosis to act as a scaffold for the formation of the new cell wall.

Phragmoplast

kadali

1

In this substage of Prophase I, the crossover occurs.

Pachytene

2

This is the longest and complex phase of meiosis I.

Prophase I

3

These structures serve as protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, preventing them from fraying, fusing with other chromosomes, or being degraded during cell division.

Telomeres

4

In this substage of Prophase I, the synaptonemal complex forms between the paired chromosomes to hold them together.

Zygotene

5

In this substage of Prophase I, the synaptonemal complex dissolves, and the homologous chromosomes begin to separate.

Diplotene

over sa dali

1

These mitotic spindles are responsible for attaching the chromosomes to the spindle and pulling them to opposite poles during anaphase.

Kinetochore Microtubules

2

In this substage of Prophase I, the homologous chromosomes start to attach to the nuclear membrane.

Leptotene

3

In this phase of meiosis I, the nuclear envelope and nucleoli reform around the two new sets of chromosomes.

Telophase I

4

In this phase of meiosis I, the maternal and paternal chromosomes lined at metaphase plate in random assortment.

Metaphase I

5

True or false. Maternal and paternal chromosomes are randomly arranged.

True