Programming
This programming paradigm focuses on objects that contain both data and methods.
What is object-oriented programming?
This sorting algorithm has an average time complexity of O(n log n) and is based on partitioning.
What is quicksort?
This type of system call allows a process to create a duplicate of itself.
What is fork()?
This protocol is responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses.
What is DNS?
This is the term for a labeled dataset used to train a supervised model.
What is training data?
This keyword in many languages prevents modification of a variable once it is assigned.
What is const (or final)?
The “D” in Dijkstra’s algorithm stands for this.
Who is Edsger Dijkstra?
This OS component manages CPU process scheduling.
What is the kernel?
This device forwards packets between networks using routing tables.
What is a router?
This function is used in logistic regression to map values between 0 and 1.
What is the sigmoid function?
This data structure operates on a LIFO principle.
What is a stack?
This algorithm is used to find the shortest path in a graph with negative edge weights.
What is Bellman–Ford?
This memory-management technique moves inactive pages to disk.
What is paging (or virtual memory swapping)?
This transport-layer protocol provides unreliable but fast datagram delivery.
What is UDP?
This type of neural network is best suited for sequential data like text.
What is an RNN (or LSTM/GRU)?
In C, this operator is used to access the value stored at a pointer’s address.
What is the dereference operator (*)?
This technique divides a problem into subproblems, solves them once, and stores the results.
What is dynamic programming?
This consistency problem arises from multiple processes accessing shared data simultaneously.
What is a race condition?
This algorithm prevents broadcast storms in Layer 2 networks.
What is the Spanning Tree Protocol?
This algorithm partitions data into K clusters based on distance to centroids.
What is k-means clustering?
This technique allows functions to be treated as values and passed as arguments.
What is first-class functions (or functional programming)?
This NP-complete problem involves selecting items of different weights and values to maximize total value.
What is the knapsack problem?
This theorem states that a distributed system can only achieve two of consistency, availability, and partition tolerance.
What is the CAP theorem?
This addressing technique allows multiple internal devices to share a single public IP.
What is Network Address Translation (NAT)?
This phenomenon occurs when a model performs well on training data but poorly on new data.
What is overfitting?