ACID BASIC
What happens to hydrogen ions (H⁺) when an acid dissolves in water?
They separate (ionize) from the acid molecules.
What ion do bases release in water?
Hydrogen ions (OH-)
Why do both acids and bases conduct electricity in solution?
Because they produce ions that can move and carry electric charge.
What is methyl orange?
This indicator turns yellow in acidic solutions and red in basic solutions.
Why do soft drinks contain acids like phosphoric or citric acid?
To give a tangy flavor and act as preservatives.
. Why is sulfuric acid considered a strong acid?
Because it completely ionizes in water.
Why are strong bases good conductors of electricity?
Because they release many OH⁻ ions that carry charge.
Why does the temperature increase during a neutralization reaction?
Because neutralization is an exothermic reaction and releases heat.
What is a weak base?
A universal indicator showing pH 8 indicates this type of solution.
Why can acids corrode metals?
Because acids react with metals and release hydrogen gas.
What determines how acidic a solution is?
The concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺).
What happens to the pH when the concentration of a base increases?
The pH increases (becomes more basic).
What happens to hydrogen ions (H⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻) during neutralization?
They combine to form water (H₂O).
Why do different indicators show different colors in acids and bases?
Because their molecules change structure depending on the pH.
Why do farmers add lime (calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide) to soil?
To neutralize acidic soil and improve plant growth.
What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?
Carbon dioxide, water, and a salt.
Why do bases feel slippery to the touch?
Because they react with oils on the skin to form a soap-like substance.
Why can strong acids corrode metals more easily than weak acids?
Because strong acids produce more hydrogen ions that react quickly with metals
Why is universal indicator more useful than litmus paper?
Because it shows a range of colors, telling the exact pH, not just acid or base.
Why does toothpaste need to be slightly basic?
To neutralize acids in the mouth that cause tooth decay.
Why does hydrochloric acid fully dissociate while acetic acid does not?
HCl is a strong acid; acetic acid is weak and only partially ionizes.
Why is ammonia (NH₃) considered a weak base?
Because it does not produce many OH⁻ ions in water.
Why do acids react differently with different metals (e.g., copper vs. magnesium)?
Because metals vary in reactivity; more reactive metals react faster with acids.
Why do bases turn phenolphthalein pink but acids leave it colorless?
Phenolphthalein only changes color in the presence of OH⁻ ions.
What property of acids allows them to react with bases?
Their ability to donate hydrogen ions (H⁺).