BIOLOGY
What is biology?
Biology is the science of life and living organisms.
What is the physical environment?
The physical environment is part of the surroundings that includes non-living components: soil, water, air, and climate.
What is an abiotic factor?
An abiotic factor is any non-living component of the environment that affects living organisms.
What is a living organism?
A living organism is an entity that grows, develops, reproduces, and responds to its environment.
Why is water important for living organisms?
Water participates in chemical reactions, transports substances, and regulates temperature.
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) that interact with each other and with their environment (soil, water, air).
What elements are part of the physical environment?
Land, water, air, temperature, and light.
Give examples of abiotic factors.
Temperature, light, water, soil, air.
What characteristics distinguish living from non-living things?
Growth, movement, respiration, reproduction, metabolism.
How do plants use water?
Plants need water for photosynthesis, growth, and maintaining cell turgor.
What sciences are included in biology?
Biology includes botany, zoology, microbiology, and genetics.
Why is the physical environment important for life?
It provides the conditions necessary for the survival of organisms.
How does temperature affect the life of organisms?
It determines the activity, growth, and survival of organisms.
How does an organism obtain energy?
Through nutrition — plants use sunlight, and animals eat food.
How do animals use water?
For drinking, temperature regulation, and body chemical reactions.
What is a cell?
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism.
How does the physical environment affect plants?
The physical environment affects plant growth, development, and distribution.
Does the amount of water affect abiotic factors?
Yes, water affects habitat availability and plant growth.
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is the set of chemical processes in an organism that sustain life.
What is the hydrosphere?
The hydrosphere is all the water on Earth: oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers.
What is heredity?
Heredity is the transmission of traits and characteristics from parents to offspring.
How do humans change the physical environment?
Through construction, deforestation, and pollution of water and air.
Can light be an abiotic factor?
Yes, light affects photosynthesis and animal behavior.
Why do organisms adapt to their environment?
Adaptation helps them survive in different conditions.
Can water be a habitat for life?
Yes, many organisms live in water: fish, algae, microorganisms.