Signs & Symptoms
This respiratory symptom often presents as a high-pitched sound due to airway narrowing.
What is wheeze?
This is the initial immediate intervention in anaphylaxis.
What is administer an adrenaline auto-injector?
Anaphylaxis is this type of medical emergency involving a whole-body immune response.
What is a severe systemic allergic reaction?
These immune cells release mediators that trigger anaphylaxis.
What are mast cells and basophils?
Having one of these previous events greatly increases the risk of recurrence.
What is a prior anaphylactic reaction?
These raised, itchy skin lesions are a common dermatological sign of anaphylaxis.
What are urticaria (hives)?
After adrenaline, this gas should be given at high flow rates.
What is oxygen?
Anaphylaxis typically has this kind of onset.
What is rapid or sudden onset?
This physiological change causes swelling and fluid leakage into tissues.
What is increased capillary permeability?
This chronic respiratory condition is a recognised risk factor for severe anaphylaxis.
What is asthma?
This serious drop in blood pressure can lead to collapse during an anaphylactic event.
What is hypotension?
The safest position for an anaphylactic casualty unless breathing is severely compromised.
What is supine with legs elevated?
Foods, medications, and insect stings fall into this cause category.
What are common allergens?
This airway effect makes breathing difficult during anaphylaxis.
What is bronchoconstriction?
Rates of anaphylaxis are increasing globally due to rising levels of these.
What are environmental and food allergies?
Swelling of these structures can quickly compromise the airway.
What are the lips, tongue, or face?
These are the three UK brands of adrenaline auto-injectors.
What are EpiPen, Jext, and Emerade
This chemical, released by mast cells, contributes to vasodilation and airway swelling.
What is histamine?
This cardiovascular effect can cause shock.
What is widespread vasodilation?
Anaphylaxis affects these age groups.
What are all age groups?
This symptom is often described by patients and reflects severe anxiety or impending collapse.
What is a feeling of impending doom?
This vital action should occur immediately when anaphylaxis is suspected, even before interventions.
What is calling for emergency medical assistance?
The recommended site for IM adrenaline administration.
What is the anterolateral thigh?
This mediator-driven cascade explains the rapid multisystem involvement in anaphylaxis.
What is systemic mediator release?
A biphasic reaction may occur within this timeframe after the initial event.
What is up to 72 hours?