Pain
The primary health care provider has prescribed a lidocaine 5% patch for a client with a diagnosis of neck pain due to osteoarthritis. What would the nurse tell the client regarding this medication?
A. The medication patch will act as a local anesthetic.
B. The medication patch acts by decreasing muscle spasms.
C. The medication is prescribed to cause the skin to peel below the patch.
D. Apply a heating pad to the area after applying the medication patch to increase the effectiveness.
A. The medication patch will act as a local anesthetic.
A client with a new medication prescription for allopurinol asks the nurse, "I know this is for gout, but how does it work?" The nurse's reply is based on which medication action?
A. Allopurinol decreases uric acid production.
B. Allopurinol reduces the production of fibrinogen.
C. Allopurinol decreases the risk of sulfa crystal formation in the urine.
D. Allopurinol prevents influx of calcium ions during cell depolarization.
A. Allopurinol decreases uric acid production.
Calcium carbonate is prescribed for a client with hypocalcemia. How would the nurse instruct the client to take the medication?
A. With meals
B. Every 4 hours
C. Just before meals
D. 1 hour after meals
D. 1 hour after meals
Etanercept is prescribed for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse would monitor the client for which side/adverse effect of the medication following administration?
A. Dyspnea
B. Headache
C. Dizziness
D. Abdominal discomfort
A. Dyspnea
A client with muscle spasms in the lumbar area of the spine has been started on cyclobenzaprine. The nurse would understand which is the most frequent side effect of the medication?
A. Weakness
B. Confusion
C. Excitability
D. Drowsiness
D. Drowsiness
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent an open reduction internal fixation to the right hip. When administering opioid analgesics for pain, the nurse would instruct the client that which are side and adverse effects of opioid analgesics? Select all that apply.
A. Sedation
B. Diarrhea
C. Constipation
D.Increased pain level
E. Respiratory depression
A. Sedation
C. Constipation
E. Respiratory depression
A client with cancer is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of morphine sulfate. The nurse monitoring the client for adverse effects would become most concerned about which vital sign?
A. Temperature of 99.1° F (37.3° C)
B. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg
C. Respirations of 10 breaths/minute
D. Apical heart rate of 90 beats/minute
C. Respirations of 10 breaths/minute
The nurse teaches the client with hypocalcemia how to take calcium carbonate. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
A. "I need to take the tablet an hour after lunch."
B. "I would swallow the tablet whole with toast at breakfast."
C. "I would crush the tablet and take it with applesauce at breakfast."
D. "I would cut the tablet in half and take it with ice cream after dinner."
"I need to take the tablet an hour after lunch."
A client has been administered cyclobenzaprine for the management of muscle spasms in the cervical spine. The client is experiencing drowsiness, dizziness, and dry mouth. How would the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Represent an allergic reaction to the medication
B. Are related to the problem with the cervical spine
C. Are the most common side effects of this medication
D. Are dose related, so the client would cut the medication dose in half
C. Are the most common side effects of this medication
A client reports frequent use of acetaminophen for relief of headaches and other discomforts. The nurse would evaluate which diagnostic data to determine whether the client is at risk for toxicity?
A. Chest x-ray
B. Electrocardiogram
C. Liver function studies
D. Upper gastrointestinal x-ray results
C. Liver function studies
Cyclobenzaprine is prescribed for a client for muscle spasms, and the nurse is reviewing the client's record. Which disorder, if noted in the record, would indicate a need to contact the primary health care provider about the administration of this medication?
A. Glaucoma
B. Emphysema
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Diabetes mellitus
A. Glaucoma
Cyclobenzaprine has anticholinergic effects, it would be used with caution in clients with a history of urinary retention, glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure.
Allopurinol is prescribed for a client, and the nurse provides medication instructions to the client. Which instruction would the nurse provide?
A. Drink 3000 mL of fluid a day.
B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
C. The effect of the medication will occur immediately.
D. Any swelling of the lips is a normal expected response.
A. Drink 3000 mL of fluid a day.
Clients taking allopurinol are encouraged to drink 3000 mL of fluid a day, unless otherwise contraindicated. A full therapeutic effect may take 1 week or longer. Allopurinol is to be given with, or immediately after, meals or milk.
Alendronate is prescribed for a client with osteoporosis, and the nurse is providing instructions on the administration of the medication. Which instruction would the nurse provide?
A. Take the medication at bedtime.
B. Take the medication in the morning with breakfast.
C. Lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication.
D. Take the medication with a full glass of water after rising in the morning.
D. Take the medication with a full glass of water after rising in the morning.
Precautions need to be taken with the administration of alendronate to prevent gastrointestinal adverse effects (especially esophageal irritation) and to increase absorption of the medication.
The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client who has been prescribed cyclosporine. Which food item would the nurse instruct the client to exclude from the diet?
A. Red meats
B. Orange juice
C. Grapefruit juice
D. Green, leafy vegetables
C. Grapefruit juice
A client with gout has begun to take allopurinol. The nurse informs the client which medication may also be necessary during the beginning phase of medication therapy with allopurinol? Select all that apply.
A.Naproxen
B.Colchicine
C.Oxycodone
D.Indomethacin
E.Hydromorphone
A. Naproxen
B. Colchicine
D. Indomethacin
Clients beginning medication therapy with allopurinol may also have to take colchicine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) because of the risk of an acute gouty attack after first starting allopurinol.
A client with pulmonary edema has a prescription to receive morphine sulfate intravenously. The nurse would determine that the client is experiencing an intended effect of the medication as indicated by which assessment finding?
A. Increased pulse rate
B. Relief of apprehension
C. Decreased urine output
D. Increased blood pressure
B. Relief of apprehension
Morphine sulfate reduces anxiety and dyspnea in the client with pulmonary edema. It also promotes peripheral vasodilation, leading to blood pooling in the periphery.
A client has been on treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for 3 weeks. During the administration of etanercept, which is most important for the nurse to assess?
A.The injection site for itching and edema
B. The white blood cell counts and platelet counts
C. Whether the client is experiencing fatigue and joint pain
D. Whether the client is experiencing a metallic taste in the mouth and a loss of appetite
B. The white blood cell counts and platelet counts
Infection and pancytopenia are adverse effects of etanercept.
The nurse is teaching a client who will be discharged on alendronate about the medication. Which would be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
A. Report musculoskeletal pain immediately.
B. Take the medication at the same time daily.
C. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
D. Consume coffee when taking the medication.
E. Remain upright for 30 minutes following ingestion.
Take the medication at the same time daily.
Take the medication on an empty stomach.
Remain upright for 30 minutes following ingestion.
Following kidney transplantation, cyclosporine is prescribed for a client. Which laboratory result would indicate an adverse effect from the use of this medication?
A. Hemoglobin level of 14.0 g/dL (140 mmol/L)
B. Creatinine level of 0.6 mg/dL (53 mcmol/L)
C. Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L)
D. Fasting blood glucose level of 99 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L)
C. Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L)
A client is taking large doses of acetylsalicylic acid for rheumatoid arthritis. Which assessment findings indicate that the client is experiencing ototoxicity as a result of the medication?
A. Dizziness, sore throat, and purpura
B. Gastrointestinal upset and dizziness
C. Tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, and ataxia
D. Gastrointestinal bleeding, ecchymosis, and dizziness
C. Tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, and ataxia
Ototoxicity can occur as a result of the administration of acetylsalicylic acid. Signs and symptoms of tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, and ataxia reflect damage to the eighth cranial nerve, the organ of hearing and balance
The nurse reviews the medication history of a client and notes that the client is taking leflunomide. During the assessment of the client, the nurse would ask which question to determine the effectiveness of this medication.
A. "Do you have any joint pain?"
B."Are you having any diarrhea?"
C."Are you experiencing heartburn?"
D. "Do you have frequent headaches?"
A. "Do you have any joint pain?"
The medication provides symptomatic relief of rheumatoid arthritis.
Probenecid has been prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of gout, and the nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
A. "I need to increase my fluid intake."
B. "I need to take the medication with food."
C. "I need to have a periodic uric acid level drawn."
D. "I need to take acetylsalicylic acid for relief of headache."
D. I need to take acetylsalicylic acid for relief of headache
A patient with post-menopausal osteoporosis is prescribed raloxifene (Evista). Which side effect of this medication requires the nurse to monitor the patient closely?
A Hypoglycemia
B Increased risk of embolic events, such as DVT or stroke
C. Bone pain
D. Hypercalcemia
B Increased risk of embolic events, such as DVT or stroke
A client was just admitted to the hospital to rule out a gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The client has brought several bottles of medications prescribed by different specialists. During the admission assessment, the client states, "Lately, I have been hearing some noisy sounds in my ears, especially when I am alone." Which medication would the nurse identify as the cause of the client's complaint?
A. Doxycycline
B. Atropine sulfate
C. Acetylsalicylic acid
D. Diltiazem hydrochloride
C. Acetylsalicylic acid
The home health nurse is reviewing medications with a client receiving colchicine for the treatment of gout. The nurse evaluates that the medication is effective if the client reports a decrease in which measure?
A. Headaches
B. Blood glucose
C. Blood pressure
D. Joint inflammation
D. Joint inflammation