Big Plants, Big Spillovers
This term describes the productivity benefits that firms receive from being located near other firms.
What are agglomeration economies?
This field of economics studies how economic incentives and constraints affect criminal behavior.
What is the economics of crime?
This economist's 1957 theory suggests that employers with a 'taste' for discrimination act as if minority workers impose this on them.
Who is Gary Becker?
This U.S. policy prohibits employers from asking about criminal history on initial job applications.
What are Ban the Box laws?
This federal program provides rental assistance to low-income families, allowing them to choose where to live.
What are Housing Choice Vouchers?
This is the nickname given to the large manufacturing plants studied by Greenstone, Hornbeck, and Moretti, referring to their massive investment size.
Million Dollar Plant
According to economic theory, crime rates should increase when this gap increases.
What is inequality?
This type of discrimination occurs when employers use group averages to make hiring decisions about individuals.
What is statistical discrimination?
(The Shuffle Question!) I wore the jersey of this team.
What is FC Barcelona?
Cities like Minneapolis and Auckland have eliminated single-family-only zoning through this policy change, allowing duplexes and triplexes throughout residential neighborhoods.
What is upzoning?
The Greenstone et al. study compared 'winning counties' to these counties that were runner-ups for the new plant location.
What are losing counties?
The 1992 acquittal of four LAPD officers in the beating of this man sparked the Los Angeles riots, demonstrating how criminal justice outcomes can trigger urban unrest.
Who is Rodney King?
(The Shuffle Question!) The card in-class activity is an example of this market failure.
What is negative externality?
Incarceration affects labor market outcomes through multiple channels, including lost work experience, stigma, and deterioration of these.
What are human capital?
This tragic 2014 crisis demonstrated how infrastructure failures and environmental racism can devastate urban communities.
What is the Flint water crisis?
According to agglomeration theory, spillover effects are larger when incumbent plants share these two types of pools with the new plant.
What are labor pools and technology pools?
The Department of Justice uses this type of investigation to examine whether police departments engage in systemic civil rights violations, often leading to consent decrees.
What is a pattern or practice investigation?
This research method, which involves sending fictitious resumes or applications, is commonly used to test for discrimination in hiring or admissions.
What is an audit study?
Economists studying Ban the Box found that when employers couldn't ask about criminal history, they increasingly relied on this characteristic as a proxy for criminality.
What is race?
This acronym describes residents who oppose new development in their neighborhoods, often citing concerns about traffic, density, or "neighborhood character."
What are NIMBYs?
Dr. H used Taylor Swift concerts as an example in an extra credit quiz question. The correct answer was this type of agglomeration effect.
What is agglomeration in consumption?
Empirical studies often use this methodological approach to identify causal effects of economic conditions on crime, comparing areas with different economic shocks.
What is difference-in-differences?
This economic model assumes that individuals commit crimes by weighing the expected benefits against the expected costs, including the probability and severity of punishment.
What is the rational criminal model?
This influential Ban the Box study used data from online job applications to demonstrate that removing criminal history questions actually increased statistical discrimination.
What is Agan and Starr (2018)?
According to basic supply and demand economics, the most direct way to reduce housing costs in expensive urban areas is to do this.
What is building more housing?