Sound Propagation
When a sound ray bends.
What is refraction?
This gently sloping seafloor extends seaward from the shoreline for 60 to 100 fathoms.
What is the Continental Shelf?
The depth of the sound speed profile is the maximum near-surface sound speed above the deep sound channel.
What is the Sonic Layer Depth?
This Greek name means "defender of humankind," an apt moniker for AG1 Rastall.
What is Alex?
This phenomenon disturbs the energy of a sound wave over a long distance, decreasing energy in all directions outward from the source.
What is spreading?
This underwater mountain range is the longest on planet Earth and formed by seafloor spreading of two divergent plates.
What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
This is the factor that most influences speed above the DSCA.
What is temperature?
This arid locale was AG1 Rastall's first duty station.
What is Bahrain?
The magnitude of change in the oscillating variable with each oscillation within an oscillating system (i.e. a wave).
What is amplitude?
As the deepest oceanic trench on the planet, the Mariana Trench extends down to this approximate depth.
What is 36,000 feet?
Also acceptable: 11,000 m, 6,000 fathoms, or 6.8 - 7 miles.
This main sound channel of the ocean separates the negative sound-speed gradient of the thermocline and the positive gradient of the deep layer.
What is the Deep Sound Channel Axis?
This team, named after a Native American of the Sauk nation who was a prominent figure in the history of Illinois, was one of the "Original Six" and AG1 Rastall's all-time favorite team.
What is the Chicago Blackhawks?
This measurement is defined as the distance between successive compression maxima.
What is a wavelength?
This shield volcano is the tallest mountain on the planet from its underwater base to its peak.
What is Maunakea?
Sound speed increases at 3.2 m/s per C° with temperature, 1.6 m/s per 100 m with pressure, and this velocity with respect to salinity.
What is 1.4 m/s per ppt?
This midwestern town was the filming location for Rudy, and birthed Amoco, the Pierogi Fest, and our favorite Rastall.
What is Whiting, Indiana?
The stratified populations of organisms in oceanic water that scatter sound.
What is the Deep Scattering Layer?
When sound speed increases with depth, it produces a refraction in this direction.
What is positive?
Upward is also acceptable. (Towards minimum sound speed.)
This frosty island city not only experiences with Midnight Sun, but is AG1 Rastall's favorite port.
What is Tromsø, Norway?