Dar al Islam
This conflict between these two Muslim empires emerged from Sunni–Shi’a divisions.
What is the Ottoman and Safavid empires (Or the Safavid and Mughal empires)
European exploration accelerated partly because they sought to avoid this
What is the Islamic empires' control over lucrative land trade routes to Asia (primarily the Ottomans)
These roadside inns promoted long-distance trade across Eurasia.
What is the Caravanserai
This ruler used political and religious tolerance to maintain unity in the Mughal Empire.
Who is Akbar
This era of Mongol stability increased safety and trade across Eurasia.
What is the Pax Mongolica
The spread of Islam contributed to the cultural blending of Middle Eastern and African traditions in this African coastal region.
What is the Swahili Coast
This crop had the greatest demographic impact on Afro-Eurasia after 1500.
What is potatoes
Islam spread into West Africa primarily by this trade route.
What is the Transaharan Trade Route
This ruler's navigation school helped Portugal lead maritime exploration.
Who is Prince Henry
This fast-ripening grain from Vietnam boosted Song-era food production.
What is champa rice
This system allowed private contractors to collect taxes on behalf of the state—often keeping extra profits for themselves.
What is tax farming
(States that used this method include Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, Ming/Qing China, and France)
Zheng He's voyages most directly led to cultural and technological diffusion in this region.
What is the Indian Ocean
A major continuity of Silk Road commerce from 1200–1450 was the exchange of these goods.
What are luxury goods (silk, tea, porcelain)
This Ottoman system recruited Christian boys to train as elite soldiers and administrators.
What is the Devshirme system
One major reason the Qin, Han, Song, and Ming dynasties thrived was their bureaucratic reliance on this exam system.
What is the civil service exam
Founded in Baghdad, this intellectual center preserved ancient Greek and Asian knowledge and became the leading place for innovations in translation, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine.
What is the House of Wisdom
Most people who arrived in the Americas in the 1500–1800 period came from this region.
What is West Africa
This was a major reason why Africans participated in the Atlantic slave trade.
What is the demand for gunpowder weapons
The rise of this West African empire was tied to wealth from gold and salt.
What is Mali
Tokugawa Japan restricted Europeans primarily because this religion threatened political stability.
What is Christianity
This Middle Eastern empire’s decline in 1250 AD was due largely to the Mongol conquest of Baghdad.
What is the Abbasid Caliphate
As the costs and risks of long-distance voyages grew in the 16th and 17th centuries, European powers increasingly relied on this new financial innovation to replace state-sponsored exploration.
What are joint stock companies
(Examples are —the Dutch East Indian Company, known as the VOC, and the British East India Company)
After 1350, this land-based trade route declined as the Mongol Empire fragmented, making long-distance caravans unsafe and costly and pushing merchants to use sea-based routes
What is the Silk Roads
The Song Dynasty used this ideology to maintain continuity from earlier dynasties.
What is Neo-Confucianism (or Confucianism)
The Middle Eastern slave trade differed from the Atlantic system because it included a higher proportion of these individuals.
What are white Europeans (also correct is women)