DNA + Protein Synthesis
1. What does DNA stand for?
A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
B. Double Nitrogen Acid
C. Dioxide Nucleotide Atom
D. Deoxynitrogen Acid
A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
6. Which pair of nitrogen bases is correct?
A. Adenine–Guanine
B. Thymine–Cytosine
C. Adenine–Thymine
D. Cytosine–Thymine
C. Adenine–Thymine
1. What is the first step of protein synthesis?
A. Translation
B. Duplication
C. Transcription
D. Replication
C. Transcription
6. What does tRNA do during translation?
A. Makes DNA copies
B. Brings amino acids to the ribosome
C. Breaks down proteins
D. Creates energy
B. Brings amino acids to the ribosome
1. What is the first step of the scientific method?
A. Form a hypothesis
B. Draw a conclusion
C. Ask a question
D. Analyze data
C. Ask a question
2. Where is DNA found inside most cells?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Cell membrane
D. Golgi body
B. Nucleus
7. DNA replication happens before what process?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Cell division
C. Respiration
D. Protein folding
B. Cell division
2. During transcription, DNA is used to make:
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. Proteins
D. Amino acids
A. mRNA
7. A chain of amino acids forms a:
A. DNA molecule
B. Protein
C. Chromosome
D. Ribosome
B. Protein
2. A hypothesis is best described as:
A. A proven fact
B. An educated guess
C. A list of materials
D. A step-by-step procedure
B. An educated guess
3. DNA contains instructions for making what?
A. Minerals
B. Water
C. Proteins
D. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
8. What is a gene?
A. A type of protein
B. A piece of DNA that codes for a trait
C. A cell membrane structure
D. A type of sugar
B. A piece of DNA that codes for a trait
3. Where does transcription take place?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Ribosome
C. Nucleus
D. Golgi body
C. Nucleus
8. A group of three mRNA bases is called a:
A. Nucleotide
B. Base pair
C. Codon
D. Gene
Answer: C
3. The part of an experiment that is changed on purpose is the:
A. Control variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Constant
C. Independent variable
4. What shape is the DNA molecule?
A. Single helix
B. Double helix
C. Square
D. Spiral ladder
B. Double helix
9. Which part of a nucleotide contains genetic information?
A. Phosphate
B. Sugar
C. Nitrogen base
D. Ribosome
C. Nitrogen base
4. What does mRNA do?
A. Brings amino acids to the ribosome
B. Carries DNA instructions to the ribosome
C. Folds proteins
D. Produces energy
B. Carries DNA instructions to the ribosome
9. What determines the order of amino acids in a protein?
A. The number of ribosomes
B. The codons on the mRNA
C. The shape of the nucleus
D. The size of the cell
B. The codons on the mRNA
4. The data you collect and measure in an experiment is the:
A. Dependent variable
B. Independent variable
C. Hypothesis
D. Control group
A. Dependent variable
5. The “rungs” of the DNA ladder are made of:
A. Sugars and phosphates
B. Amino acids
C. Nitrogen bases
D. Lipids
C. Nitrogen bases
10. What makes each person genetically unique?
A. The order of nitrogen bases
B. The number of cells
C. Their blood type
D. The amount of DNA
A. The order of nitrogen bases
5. Where does translation occur?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Cell membrane
D. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
10. What happens when the ribosome reaches a “stop” codon?
A. Transcription begins
B. Protein synthesis ends
C. DNA is destroyed
D. Amino acids disappear
B. Protein synthesis ends
5. Why is a control group important in an experiment?
A. It changes the outcome
B. It provides a standard for comparison
C. It proves the hypothesis is correct
D. It shows all variables are independent
B. It provides a standard for comparison