13/01 The US and the World Intro
"Remember the Maine" was a battle cry for which war?
What is the Spanish-American War?
Name two causes of American Imperialism in the late 1800s.
What are 1) a need for resources; 2) a need for markets to sell our products to; 3) a need to expedite transport of U.S. products to other countries and transport of resources to the U.S.A.; 4) a desire to "lift up" the world's "uncivilized" people by sharing Christianity and Western Civilization?
The first casualties of the Spanish-American War happened here.
What is the Philippines.
This direct factor led to the outbreak of WWI in Europe
What was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Bosnian by a Serbian nationalist?
An economic system based on private property and free enterprise
What is capitalism?
A feeling of intense loyalty to a country or a group
What is nationalism? (one of the indirect causes of WWI)
The belief that a nation should stay out of the affairs of other nations
What is isolationism?
This country honored African American soldiers who fought in World War I?
What is France?
In 1853, U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry traveled to Japan with four warships and a letter from President Millard Fillmore asking Japan to do this.
What is open its ports to U.S. trade?
After Spain was defeated by the U.S., the U.S. took this ironic action against democratic principles in the Philippines.
What is the U.S. began fighting against Filipino rebels who had fought with the U.S. against Spain for their country's independence?
(4,000 U.S. soldiers died in this conflict and 220,000 Filipinos died, most from disease and hunger.)
These indirect factors led to the outbreak of WWI in Europe
What is 1) nationalism; 2) alliances for mutual defense; 3) militarism; 4) competition in empire building?
Someone who believes there should be no government
What is an anarchist?
A celebration of military ideals; a rapid buildup of military power
What is militarism?
The practice of spreading a nation's territorial or economic control beyond its borders
What is expansionism?
Thanks to yellow journalism, Americans blamed this country for the sinking of the Maine.
What is Spain?
The U.S. purchased this large piece of land from Russia in 1867. Name it and give one of its nicknames.
What is Alaska, which, at the time, many people thought was a frozen wasteland, so it was derisively referred to as Seward's Icebox, Seward's Folly, and a polar bear garden?
To make it easier to ship goods between the Atlantic and the Pacific, the U.S. did this.
What is build the Panama Canal?
New or advanced technologies used during WWI included . . .
What are improved artillery shells, better rifles, armored tanks, airplanes, poison gas, submarines (U-boats), flamethrowers?
The fear that communists had infiltrated the American government and society which resulted in congressional investigation of many individuals and groups
What is The Red Scare?
Information used to influence opinion
What is propaganda?
The policy of extending a nation's rule beyond its borders to other territories and countries
What is imperialism?
(imperialism can be seen as an extreme form of expanionism)
Anna Coleman Ladd, a sculptor living in Boston, contributed to the U.S. effort during World War I by working with the Red Cross to do this.
What is create realistic face masks for soldiers disfigured in combat?
This queen tried to limit the political and economic influence of U.S. planters in her island kingdom.
Who was Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii?
What steps did the U.S. take to build the Panama Canal?
What is 1) negotiate a treaty with Colombia (Panama was a part of Colombia) giving the U.S. control of a piece of land across the isthmus for 99 years; 2) when that treaty was rejected by the Colombian senate, Roosevelt encouraged Panama's independence by supporting Panamanian rebels, and recognized Panama's independence immediately when it declared independence?
Factors leading to the U.S. entering WWI included . . .
What are 1) the large number of European immigrants from countries on both sides of the conflict created divisiveness in the U.S.; 2) the Zimmerman telegram from the German foreign minister to Mexico proposing a German alliance with Mexico if the U.S. entered the war and promising the return to Mexico of formerly Mexican territory such as Arizona and New Mexico; 3) the sinking of the Lusitania and the Sussex; 4) the Russian revolution, (which overthrew a monarchy and promised democracy, which the U.S. supported)?
The movement of many African-Americans out of the Jim Crow South to northern and western cities
What is The Great Migration?
A government in which one person with unlimited power rules
What is autocracy?
A section of a country in which a foreign nation enjoys special rights and powers.
What is a sphere of influence?
Name two territories acquired by the United States in 1898 that have never become states.
What are Puerto Rico and Guam?
The U.S. became interested in expanding it's China trade when it saw European powers and Japan reaping great profits through the creation of spheres of influence (areas in China which were closed to outside trade except for the dominating country which had established and controlled the sphere of influence). To counter this situation, the U.S. proposed this policy, which was at first rejected.
What is the Open Door Policy proposed by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay.
The Roosevelt Corollary to the *Monroe Doctrine
*The Monroe Doctrine, established by Pres. James Monroe in 1823, stated that North and South America "are not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers."
What is the United States had the right to get involved in the affairs of Latin American nations whenever they seemed unstable. The United States would act as a "police power" in Latin America?
The effects of entering WWI on American society
What are 1) a boost to the economy through production of war materials and sales of food to war-torn nations; 2) new opportunities for women to join the work force; 3) rationing of some consumer goods; 4) creation of Committee on Public Information to promote the war and crack down on dissenters (people who opposed the war)?
Two Italian immigrants, admitted anarchists who were accused of killing two men during a robbery and were executed in spite of many people thinking that they had not received a fair trial
Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
The right of people to choose how they should be governed
What is national self-determination?
Disorder and lawlessness caused by the lack of an effective government
What is anarchy?
(Someone who opposes government of any kind is called an anarchist)
In the early 1900s, President Theodore Roosevelt helped resolve the Russo-Japanese War (in which Russia and Japan were fighting over resources in Manchuria,a province in northeastern China), with the Treaty of Portsmouth. However, Japan was not happy about what developments in U.S.-Japan relations.
In 1906, Japanese students in San Francisco were forced to attend segregated schools (later Roosevelt persuaded city officials to change this policy), and a Gentleman's Agreement was signed in which Japan agreed to limit the flow of Japanese immigrants to the U.S. Roosevelt then sent the "Great White Fleet" of 16 battleships on a cruise around the world to test the readiness of the U.S. Navy and to demonstrate its power to the world's nations.
The U.S. proposal for giving other nations rights to trade in other nations' spheres of influence in China was rejected at first. A second proposal, revised, stressing the importance of China's independence and respect for its borders, was later accepted after this dramatic event happened in China.
What is the Boxer Rebellion.
President Woodrow Wilson, who sought to protect democracy in other nations as a means to prevent war and revolution, favored this kind of diplomacy
What is moral diplomacy, based on moral principles, ideas of right and wrong?
Wilson's idealistic Fourteen Points peace plan to end World War I included (name three of the points)
What are 1) adjusting boundaries in Europe; 2) creating new nations; 3) free trade and free seas; 4) an end to secret treaties or agreements among nations; 5) limits on arms; 6) peaceful settlement of disputes; 7) establishment of a League of Nations to preserve peace and prevent future wars?
(Note: The U.S. Senate failed to ratify and accept Wilson's plan.)
A prosperous African American district in Tulsa, Oklahoma that was burned down by angry white mobs
What was Greenwood (site of the 1921 Tulsa Massacre)?
Payment for damages caused during a conflict
What are reparations?
The policy of using economic investments to protect U.S. interests abroad
What is dollar diplomacy?