Unit 1
Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; primary energy source for living things.
Carbohydrates
The theory that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from existing cells.
Cell theory
A microscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Virus
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
Cellular respiration
The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type
Cell diffrentiation
Large molecules composed of amino acids; essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body's cells, tissues, and organs.
Proteins
Simple cells without a nucleus; examples include bacteria
Prokaryotic cells
A living cell in which a virus can replicate.
Host cell
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis
Undifferentiated cells with the potential to develop into different cell types.
Stem cells
Fatty acids or their derivatives; important for storing energy and making up cell membranes.
Lipids
Complex cells with a nucleus; examples include plant and animal cells.
Eukaryotic cells
The process by which a virus enters a host cell, replicates, and causes the cell to burst, releasing new viruses.
Lyric cycle
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Diffusion
Undifferentiated cells with the potential to develop into different cell types.
Mitosis
Biomolecules (DNA and RNA) that store and transmit genetic information.
Nuclei Acids
Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum).
Organelles
A viral replication process in which the viral DNA integrates into the host cell's DNA and replicates along with it.
Lysogenic cycle
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
osmosis
A type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the production of gametes.
Meiosis
Protein molecules that act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms.
Enzymes
The semipermeable barrier that surrounds and protects the cell, controlling what enters and exits.
Cell membrane
A lipid membrane that surrounds some viruses, derived from the host cell membrane.
Viral envelope
The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient, requiring energy.
Active Transport
Programmed cell death, a normal part of development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis.
Apoptosis