Threats to Forests
What insect specifically harms the Eastern white pine, Loblolly pine, Longleaf pine, Pitch pine, and Virginia pine?
IPS beetle
What term refers to the study of insects that attack forest trees?
Forest entomology
What is the primary reason conifer seedlings are often used in reforestation efforts?
Because they grow quickly and can thrive in poorer quality soils
How many cubic inches are in one board foot of lumber?
144 cubic inches
Name 5 leaf characteristics that help identify trees.
Leaf size, shape, texture, color, margins, venation, and arrangement
What tree is especially prone to Annosus Root Rot?
Red Cedar
What type of selective cutting removes trees in stages, starting with the tallest trees and eventually removing all mature trees over several years, allowing for the growth of new seedlings?
Shelterwood cutting
What forestry practice helps reduce the risk of wildfire by removing ladder fuels?
Pruning
What method is most commonly used to determine the age of a tree?
Counting the annual rings (growth rings)
What fruits are dry and do not pop open when ripe?
Indehiscent fruits
What fungal disease attacks conifers, especially red cedar, and spreads through root contact after tree stumps are left behind?
Annosus Root Rot
What method of pest control involves using natural predators to control pest populations?
Biological control
Which U.S. government agency is responsible for managing national forests and overseeing timber harvesting for conservation and public use?
U.S. Forest Service
What tool is used to estimate the basal area of trees and helps in point-sampling for timber cruising?
Wedge prism
What specific feature of bark aids in identification by its fissures and texture?
Ridges or plates
What insect was first discovered in Michigan in 2002, this invasive pest has since spread to over 24 U.S. states and parts of Canada, damaging ash trees?
Emerald Ash Borer
What pest control strategy involves using techniques such as traps, physical barriers, or removing infested trees to reduce pest populations without relying on chemicals?
Mechanical (physical) control
What is the term for allowing trees to regenerate naturally through seed dispersal and sprouting after a harvest?
Natural regeneration
In the western United States site index is measured when the trees are how old?
100 years old
What leaf arrangement involves leaves growing directly across from each other on the twig?
Opposite leaf arrangement
What species of pine in North Carolina is well adapted to fire, with its young trees protected by dense needles during the "grass stage?"
Longleaf Pine
Logging roads in some steep areas in the mountains of North Carolina can cause the loss of up to ___ of soil per acre of roadway during the first year after their construction.
200 tons
What type of fire is intentionally set to burn toward an existing wildfire to eliminate fuel and create a firebreak?
Backfire
What is the most commonly used instrument due to compact size and accuracy?
Clinometer
What tree feature, critical for winter identification, involves variations in the size, shape, and arrangement of these structures on the tree?
Buds