Archaeology
In 1822, this stele from the time of Ptolemy V containing three ancient languages was used to decipher Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Rosetta Stone
This... [Insert Dr. Kelly question here]
[Answer]
This ancient device was improved upon in the 9th and 10th centuries by Muslim astronomers who used it to navigate and locate the direction of Mecca.
Astrolabe
This ruler of the Malian Empire is theorized to have been the richest man in history.
Mansa Musa
This 13-letter German loanword refers to a novel that focuses on the psychological and personal growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood.
Bildungsroman
This country holds the title for most pyramids, boasting over 200 within its borders between the cities of Al Kurru, Nuri, Gebel Barkal and Meroë.
Sudan
First isolated around 1820 in Peru, this substance was the primary treatment for a deadly mosquito-borne illness for over a century.
Quinine
The first use of zero as a number in calculations is credited to a 7th century mathematician from what is now this nation.
The mathematician being Brahmagupta, from India.
Hailing from Halicarnassus, this 5th century author is famous as "the father of history," a title conferred on him by the Roman orator Cicero.
Herodotus
Authored by Hesiod, this 8th century didactic poem describes the five ages of man, provides advice, and includes famous stories like that of Pandora's jar.
Works and Days
The Temple of Artemis located in this city was said to have burned down the day of Alexander III's birth.
Ephesus
This disease, characterized by feverishness, was historically referred to as grippe.
Influenza
This 18th century invention solved the long-standing problem of accurately determining longitude while at sea.
Marine chronometer/marine clock. Accurate clock allowed for comparison of sun's position/time at sea to that of the time back in Greenwich, could calculate longitude that way. Difficult to do so beforehand with inaccurate and work-intensive method of 'dead reckoning,' or trying to keep track of the ships every movement and speed to chart position.
This first self-made Black millionaire built her fortune on a hair growth product she created for personal use before bringing it to market.
Madam C.J. Walker
In 1847, this English author published one of the most enduringly popular romance novels of all time under the pseudonym Currer Bell.
The author is Charlotte Brontë; the book, Jane Eyre.
Built by 6th century travelers making their way through the valleys of Afghanistan, these enormous statues endured until 2001.
Buddhas of Bamiyan/Bamyan
Communal exposure to this substance may have contributed to the deliration of the infamous Salem witch trials.
Ergot fungus exposure from eating rye bread infected with it.
The technique of fingerprint identification for use in criminal investigations was developed in the 19th century in this nation.
Argentina (in Buenos Aires by Inspector Eduardo Alvarez)
This Chinese sovereign is the only woman to both hold the position and be widely recognized as legitimate.
Wu Zetian
This work, dated to the 7th century BCE, is traditionally said to have been compiled by Confucius and is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry.
Shijing/Classic of Poetry/The Book of Songs
This 8th century water tunnel, which may have been built during the reign of King David, was strategically blocked to hinder an Assyrian siege.
Siloam Tunnel/Hezekiah’s tunnel/Nikbat HaShiloach
This 10th century Persian doctor is often credited as the father of early modern medicine.
Ibn Sina/Avicenna
This early method of photography developed in France around 1822 relied on bitumen and its interaction with sunlight to produce permanent images.
Heliography
This Venezuelan revolutionary fought in the American and French revolutions before helping to liberate Venezuela from Spanish rule and establish the (admittedly short-lived) First Republic.
Sebastián Francisco de Miranda y Rodríguez de Espinoza, commonly known as Fransisco de Miranda
This 12th century book of stories written in Middle Welsh contains the earliest known reference to King Arthur.
The Mabinogion