Exploration & Exchange
What was the primary motivation for European exploration?
Gold-find routes for trade to the west for profits
Glory-show others their power
God-spread Christianity to indigenous (native) peoples
Who began the movement criticizing Church practices in the 1500s after posting the 95 Theses?
Martin Luther (the original)
What is the term for the quick change from hand production to machine-based manufacturing?
Industrialization
What event made Martin Luther become a monk according?
He prayed during a thunderstorm, that if God protected him, he would become a monk
What generation name describes soldiers who returned from WWI feeling disillusioned?
The Lost Generation
Name the widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between Eastern and Western hemispheres after 1492.
Columbian Exchange
What practice of the Catholic Church did Martin Luther condemn that involved payments to reduce time in Purgatory?
According to the Industrialization simulation, what was the main benefit of canal networks built in the 1760s?
Easier to ship prodcuts on water, and the man-made channels allowed them to not have to rely on rivers
What were "indulgences"?
Give one reason why WWI became a global conflict.
Because of alliances that formed, many countries had to become involved in conflict that started with a small group
Countries had to consider their global power, and wanted to keep it
Give two items that were transported from the Americas to Europe (New World to Old World) during the Columbian Exchange.
potatoes; tomatoes; corn; pumpkins; squash; pineapples; beans; tobacco; cacao; turkey; syphilis
Other answers may be Googled
Name the invention that helped Luther's ideas spread quickly across Europe AND one reason it mattered.
Printing Press- it allowed mass spread of ideas & ideas were printed in local languages (German, not Latin)
Define "urbanization" AND give one effect it had on European societies.
Large numbers of people oving into cities for work
Rise of a working class, not farm workers
More people were now living in cities
Overcrowding and sanitation issues
Inequality due to power shifts between workers and factory owners
Governments eventually had to step in
How did the printing press affect literacy and the spread of ideas during the Reformation?
Ideas were spread quickly
More people could read in their first languages
Explain what “Total War” required of civilians during WWI.
Every person had a role, including children, women, men, and older citizens
What is "colonization"?
When a more powerful country takes control over indigenous (native) peoples in order to gain even more wealth and global power
Why was Galileo punished by the Catholic Church?
He challenged the Church with concept of Heliocentric Solar system
Explain how industrialization made living standards both better and worse.
There were better products that made life easier, food security, and higher life expectancy, but diseases were common, workers had hard lives, and high exploitation of women in children in workforce
Define the Enlightenment in one sentence.
Reason over superstition and faith.
Progress, liberty, equality, and individual rights.
Reshaped politics, science, and societal structures.
Define the “Zimmermann Telegram” and state why it was important to the United States entering World War I.
A message from Germany to Mexico to try and get them to fight against America in order to get lost lands back-America found out and entered the war because of it
Name two resources or goods that European colonies provided to fuel the Industrial Revolution.
Cotton
Sugar
Tobacco
Describe one way the Scientific Revolution helped cause the Enlightenment.
Promoted use of reason and logic
Challenged traditions
New ideas are spread
Describe one new technology in transportation or communication during Industrialization, AND what impact it had.
Trains; Telegraph or Morse code; Canals; Steam Engine
Give one way Imperialist countries often claimed they brought "civilization" to colonies.
Indigenous peoples did not know how to properly use their resources, and their customs are old-fashioned
It was the "White Man's Burden" to protect races they felt were inferior
"Social Darwinism" said survival of the fittest applies to people, not just animals
Name one long-term consequence of WWI on European society or politics
Germany had to take the blame for the war, and was devastated economically
Countries were suspicious of each other
Social trauma
Taking every step to avoid another war