The Basics
What is the process where one cell makes two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
In which phase does a cell spend most of its life?
Interphase
In which stage do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What is the name for the DNA when it is condensed and visible during mitosis?
Chromosomes
In animal cells, what is the name of the area where the cell membrane pinches inward during cytokinesis?
Cleavage furrow
What are two reasons why your body needs mitosis?
Growth, repair, or replacing old cells
During which specific part of Interphase is a copy of cellular DNA made?
Synthesis (S phase)
In which stage do the nuclear membranes reform around two new nuclei?
Telophase
What is the name for the two matching sides of a chromosome?
Sister chromatids
Because they have a rigid cell wall, plant cells form this structure in the middle instead of pinching.
Cell plate
What is the mnemonic trick used to remember the four stages of mitosis in order?
P-M-A-T (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)
What are the three main parts of Interphase?
Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S), and Gap 2 (G2)
During which stage do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell?
Anaphase
What are the organelles that move to opposite sides of the cell to anchor the spindle fibers?
Centrioles (or Centrosomes)
True or False: The daughter cells produced in mitosis are genetically different from the parent cell.
False (They are exactly the same/identical)
After a full cycle of mitosis and cytokinesis, how many cells exist?
Two identical daughter cells
True or False: The cell is actively dividing during Interphase
False (It is growing and preparing to divide)
During Prophase, what happens to the nuclear membrane?
It breaks down or disappears
What is the name of the center point where two chromatids are joined together?
Centromere
What type of reproduction is mitosis considered?
Asexual reproduction
Humans have about 100 trillion cells. Approximately how many cells do adult humans produce per day?
2 trillion
What is the name for the division of the cytoplasm that happens after mitosis?
Cytokinesis
What structures form during Prophase to help pull the chromosomes apart?
Spindle fibers
What is the name for the "uncoiled" form of DNA found during Interphase?
Chromatin
What do we call the original cell before it divides?
Parent cell