Vocabulary
What is a solar eclipse?
A solar eclipse is when the moon passes directly between Earth and the sun.
Who was Herodotus?
A Greek historian who wrote about his travels around 450 BC.
What was the Babylonian Captivity, and how long did it last?
The Babylonian Captivity was the time when the Jews of Judah were held captive in Babylonia. It lasted nearly 70 years.
What is the meaning of Zion?
Zion can mean a certain hill in Jerusalem, or in a poetic sense, it can stand for all of Jerusalem or even Israel.
What is a chain pump?
A set of disks or bowls that were mounted on a chain and pulled through a cylindrical well shaft.
Who was Nebuchadnezzar, and what does his name mean?
Nebuchadnezzar was the second and most powerful king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, and his name means "Nabu preserve my heir," or, "Nabu watch over my heir."
How might the Etemenanki and the Tower of Babel be connected (related) in some way?
Because they were both ziggurats. It's possible that the Tower of Babel was an early version of the Etemenanki.
What did the different parts of the statue from Nebuchadnezzar's dream represent according to Daniel?
The gold head of the statue represents Nebuchadnezzar, and the subsequent parts below it represent the kingdoms that will come after him.
What were aurochsen?
An aurochs was a cow-like animal that is now extinct
Who was Cyrus the Great?
The founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, which was one of the largest empires in ancient history.
Why did it take so long to excavate Babylon?
Babylon was likely the biggest city in the world during its time, making its scale far greater than most other ancient cities.
What did most ancient kings believe solar eclipses meant?
They believed it was a sign from the gods telling them to stop warring, and they needed to start working on a peace treaty.
What is the meaning of stratigraphy?
To study the layers of soil during an excavation to determine the relative ages of artifacts found in each layer
Who were the Edomites?
The Edomites were descendants of Jacob's brother Esau.
After the Greek Dark age, what were the three main styles of architecture that the Greeks developed?
The Doric Order, the Ionic order and the Corinthian Order.
What are the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World? (50 points for each correct answer)
1. The Great Pyramid of Giza
2. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
3. The Lighthouse of Alexandria
4. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
5. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
6. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
7. The Colossus of Rhodes
What is a cella?
The Greek term for a special room where priests worshipped an idol and tended to its needs.
Who were the Dorians?
The Dorians were one of the four main tribes that sprung from Hellen, the mythical father of all Greeks.
What marked the end of the Median Empire and the start of the First Persian Empire?
When Cyrus the Great overthrew the Median king, Astyages.
What were the Periods of Greek History? (50 points for each correct answer)
1. Minoan Greece
2. Mycenean Greece
3. Greek Dark Age
4. Archaic Greece
5. Classical Greece
6. Hellenistic Greece
7. Roman Greece