Causes and Alliances
This 19th–20th century policy—glorifying armed forces and maintaining a strong military—helped increase tensions between European nations.
What is militarism
This military tactic and defensive system of trenches led to long stalemates on the Western Front.
What is trench warfare
He was the ruler of Germany at the start of the Great War.
Who was Kaiser Wilhelm II
The United States entered World War I on the side of these nations.
What are the Allied Powers (France, Great Britain, Russia and their partners)?
This 1919 peace treaty officially ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.
What is the Treaty of Versailles
The alliance formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the late 1800s was called this.
What is the Central Alliance
A stalemate is best defined as this type of situation in warfare.
What is when no side can win a decisive victory?
He ruled Russia at the start of the war and was related to some other European monarchs.
Who is Czar Nicholas II?
Name the 1917 U.S. law that established the draft to raise soldiers for the war effort.
What is the Selective Service Act (1917)?
One major point of contention in the U.S. Senate was whether the U.S. should accept a continued military commitment through this international organization proposed after the war.
What is the League of Nations?
This long-term cause involves nations building empires and competing for colonies and overseas territory.
What is Imperialism
Name one major reason why trench warfare produced high casualty counts but little territorial gain.
What is the strength of defensive positions and machine-gun/artillery technology making attacks costly?
Name the Austro-Hungarian official whose assassination triggered the July Crisis of 1914.
Who is the Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Which German policy change in 1917 helped push the United States to join the war?
What is unrestricted submarine warfare?
The Treaty of Versailles required Germany to pay these to Allied countries as punishment for the war.
What are reparations?
Name the event described: an Austro-Hungarian archduke was assassinated, setting off a rapid chain of declarations that led to war.
What is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Give one example of how civilians supported the war effort at home (a common practice in the U.S. after entry).
What is planting “victory gardens” to free up more food for soldiers?
The Zimmerman Note/Telegram proposed that Germany encourage this country to attack the United States in exchange for territory.
What is Mexico
The Zimmerman Telegram suggested a German proposal to Mexico. State two elements of that proposal.
What is that Germany asked Mexico to attack the United States and promised help to regain lost territories (such as Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona)?
Name one reason U.S. senators opposed ratifying the Treaty of Versailles.
What is that they feared the League of Nations would commit the U.S. to overseas military action (loss of Congress’s power to declare war)?
Explain why Germany faced a difficult strategic situation described as “war on two fronts.” Include which two major opponents threatened Germany simultaneously.
What is because Germany was bordered by and fought both France in the west and Russia in the east, forcing it to divide its forces?
Describe how unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany affected neutral shipping and why it became a major diplomatic issue.
What is that German U-boats attacked merchant and passenger ships without warning, sinking neutral ships and causing civilian casualties, which angered neutral nations including the United States?
British passenger ship sunk by a German U-boat, resulting in the deaths of 128 Americans
What is the Lusitania
Describe two ways the U.S. entry affected the course of the war.
What is that the U.S. provided fresh troops (hundreds of thousands), economic resources, and moral/political support that helped tip the balance in favor of the Allies?
Explain briefly how the outcomes and terms of the Treaty of Versailles contributed to future international tensions
What is that harsh reparations, territorial losses, and assigned blame to Germany created economic hardship and resentment, which helped extremist movements later and contributed to the causes of World War II?