Big Bang & The Universe
When did the universe form?
13.8 billion years ago
What is Nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fusion creates stars with light elements (hydrogen/deuterium) to create helium and energy.
Name the order of all 8 planets.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
How did the Moon Form?
The Giant Impact Hypothesis- A Mars-sized object (Theia) collided with an early Earth (4.5 BYA), and the force of gravity allowed for the accretion (build-up) of debris, which formed the Moon.
What page in my ESSRT do I find Earth’s Geological History?
6&7
What is the Big Bang Theory?
An extremely hot, dense point called a singularity contained all the matter of our universe
Stars are held together by….
Gravity and nuclear fusion
What 3 things separate the inner and outer planet's?
Size (Mass), Density, and Composition
How many days is the Lunar Cycle?
29.5 days
What day is the Summer and Winter Solstice?
June 21 and December 21
What are the 2 pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory?
1) Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
2) Redshift
Which mass star has a longer lifespan, high or low mass stars?
Low Mass Stars
What is the name of the closest point in a planet's orbit?
Perihelion
What is Waxing? What is Waning?
Waxing Phases (Growing Light on the Right Side of the Moon) Waning Phases (Shrinking Light on the Left Side of the Moon)
What Hemisphere is the Tropic of Cancer Located?
The Northern Hemisphere
What does Redshift also support the idea of?
That the universe is always expanding.
Where do stars spend most of their lifespan?
Main Sequence
Why do planets move faster when they are closer to the Sun?
The closer you are the stronger the gravitational pull, which accelerates the orbital speed
How many hours does it take to go from a High tide to a High tide?
12.5 hours
What method is used to determine the absolute age of a rock?
Radiometric Dating
Why is cosmic microwave background radiation considered important evidence for the Big Bang?
CMBR is leftover heat from the beginning of the universe. This leftover heat supports the idea that the universe started from a hot, dense singularity explosion. Which is where that CMBR heat came from.
Name ALL the characteristics you can find for a star on the HR Diagram:
Temperature, Luminosity, Size, Color, Spectral Class, and Lifespan
What are the 3 Kepler’s Laws?
Law 1: planets move in elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one of the two foci of the ellipse
Law 2: A line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time
Law 3: A planet's orbital period is proportional to its mean distance from the Sun
Why do eclipses not occur every month?
Because the moon has a 5 degree tilted orbit
Place the scale of geologic time from the largest time scale to the smallest time scale
Eon, Era, Period, Epoch