Industrialization & Big Business
This industry, led by Andrew Carnegie, dominated steel production in the late 1800s.
What is the steel industry?
The first transcontinental railroad was completed in this year.
What is 1869?
Workers organized these to improve wages and working conditions.
What are labor unions?
Millions of immigrants came to the U.S. seeking this opportunity.
What is economic opportunity (jobs)?
The term for politics based on giving jobs to supporters.
What is the spoils system?
The business strategy where one company controls all parts of production is called this.
What is vertical integration?
The Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads met at this Utah location.
What is Promontory Point?
This union, led by Samuel Gompers, focused on skilled workers.
What is the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?
Most “new immigrants” after 1880 came from these two regions.
What are Southern and Eastern Europe?
This 1883 law reformed the civil service system.
What is the Pendleton Act?
John D. Rockefeller used this method to eliminate competition and control oil refining.
What is a trust (or horizontal integration)?
These government land grants helped railroad companies expand westward.
What are subsidies?
This 1894 strike disrupted rail traffic nationwide.
What is the Pullman Strike?
Overcrowded city housing for the poor was known as this.
What are tenements?
Political machines in cities were often led by these figures.
What are bosses (or political bosses)?
This 1890 law attempted to limit monopolies and unfair business practices.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
This 1887 act created the first federal regulatory agency.
What is the Interstate Commerce Act?
This violent 1892 strike occurred at Carnegie’s steel plant in Pennsylvania.
What is the Homestead Strike?
This 1882 law restricted immigration from a specific group.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
This election (year) symbolized the struggle between farmers and big business.
What is the Election of 1896?
This Supreme Court case weakened the Sherman Act by ruling that manufacturing was not interstate commerce.
What is U.S. v. E.C. Knight Co. (1895)?
The agency formed by that act to regulate railroads was the ____.
What is the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)?
This union aimed to organize both skilled and unskilled workers and declined after 1886.
What are the Knights of Labor?
This reformer photographed tenement life in How the Other Half Lives.
Who is Jacob Riis?
Populist goal that called for government ownership of these.
What are railroads?