Historical Influences
Defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease ,significant in that it emphasizes a holistic approach to well-being
What is the definition of health by the WHO?
Invented the smallpox vaccine, derived from cowpox, and this led to the eventual eradiation of smallpox
Who is Edward Jenner? His development of the vaccine set the stage for modern immunization efforts
Regulates the safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals and medical devices developed by the private sector
What does the FDA do?
Created insurance marketplaces and expanded Medicaid, reducing the number of uninsured individuals and increasing access to affordable prevetative and primary care
What is the Affordable Care Act?
Describes 17 public health interventions to improve health outcomes at individual, community and systems levels
What is the Minnesota Interventions Wheel? Also known as the Minnesota Public Health Wheel
Person responsible for setting up the Henry Street Settlement
Who is Lillian Wald -she established the Henry Street Settlement provided healthcare, education to underserved population, created school nursing programs and advocated for social reforms
Established the Frontier Nursing Service, and carried out midwifery care in rural areas of Kentucky, often visiting patients on horseback
Who is Mary Breckenridge? She also founded the Frontier Graduate School of Midwifery
Funded by payroll taxes paid into federally monitored trust funds
What is Medicare?
Leads to the concentraion of people of color in neighborhoods with failing infrastructure, exposure to environmental hazards and limited access to resources, resulting in poorer health outcomes
What are the effects of structural racism?
Ensures that information is communicated in a way that clients can understand, enabling them to make informed decisions about their care and improving health outcomes
What is the importance of assessing a client's health literacy in nursing communication?
She improved battlefield and hospital care, emphasized environmental health and established nursing as a public health-focused profession
Who is Florence Nightingale?
Founding mission was to assist at risk children after WWII regardless of their country's role in the war, focuses on childrens' rights, health, education and emergency relief worldwide, in over 160 countries
What is UNICEF?
Provides health insurance for military members, their families and veterans and is overseen by the DOD
What is TRICARE?
1) an area with limited access to affordable and healthy food options
2) an abundance of unhealthy food options compared to healthy ones
What is a food desert and what is a food swamp?
Provides a framework for ethical decision-making, outlines professional conduct and guides nurses in addressing complex ethical dilemmas in practice
What is the significance of the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses in clinical decision making?
A public health nurse can analyze community data on incomce levels, access to grocery stores, and health outcomes and assume risks of a population
How can public health nurses identify populations most at risk for food insecurity?
Reduces costs by minimizing/preventing travel, enabling early intervention, decreasing hospital readmissions, can streamline care delivery - especially for chronic conditions
What are the advantages of Telehealth?
Prevents the onset of disease, reduces healthcare costs associated with treatment, and improves public health by minimizing outbreaks of communicable diseases
What are the benefits of primary prevention measures such as vaccination programs?
Limits individuals' ability to understand medical instructions, manage treatments and make informed decisions, leading to increased complications
What are the effects of poor health literacy?
A nurse stops a medication due to harmful side effects in a client
What is the principle of nonmaleficence? It emphasizes 'do no harm'
Coined the term "birth control", opened the first birth control clinic, and played a pivotal role in developing contraceptive methods
WHo is Margaret Sanger?
Mission is to reduce the impact of substance abuse and mental illness on communities by providing prevention, treatment and recovery support services
What is the mission of SAMHSA?
Provides essential health services such as inpatient and outpatient care, lab tests, and transportation, ensuring access to care for low-income individuals and families.
What is Medicaid?
Contribute to healthy outcomes by providing preventative screenings, addressing vision and hearing issues, managing chronic conditions like asthma, reducing bullying and supporting mental health which improves academic performance
What is the role of school nurses?
Ensures equal rights and equitable health opportunities for all, regardless of race, age, gender or socioeconomic status
What is social justice?