CVS Terms
What are veins and arteries
veins--carry blood back to heart
arteries--carry blood away from heart
Over time exercise make the __________ ventricle of the heart larger and stronger
Left
true or false: blood pressure can be defined as the pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries by the heart as it pumps blood throughout the body.
True
If blood vessels near the active muscle dilate, then blood must flow from....
high to low pressure
What happens to the stroke volume of your heart when you exercise?
What are capillaries
smallest blood vessels, connect veins and arteries
What adaptation do the arteries make with consistent exercise?
become more elastic and larger, lower blood pressure
What is the job of red blood cells
carries hemoglobin to combine with oxygen
What adaptation do the veins make with consistent exercise
become more elastic and larger, lowering blood pressure
What does venous return mean?
blood flow back to the heart
What is stroke volume
The volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle with each beat
With consistent exercise, what adaptions do the red blood cells make?
Bone marrow produces more red blood cells, more hemoglobin, more oxygen to working muscles.
Why is recovery heart rate important
Indicator of Fitness
A faster recovery means your heart is strong and your body is fit.
Athletes tend to have quicker recovery rates.
Heart Health Check
Slow recovery can signal problems like poor cardiovascular conditioning or risk of heart disease.
The left ventricle is thicker and stronger with exercise, why?
It pumps blood out to the rest of the body.
What adaptation do the capillaries make with consistent exercise
More form around the heart and muscles, more oxygen is able to be delivered to the working muscles.
What is cardiac output
The volume of blood pumped throughout the body per minute
What a person exercises, what happens to their cardiac output? What is the main factor that causes this?
Cardiac output is going to increase significantly.
Heart Rate is the main factor.
Why is a warm up before activity important?
warm up: increase temperature of muscles, arterioles dilate, more oxygen is brought to the muscles.
Why is a cool down important
cool down: keep muscle pumps active, get blood back to the heart faster and prevent it from pooling in your muscles.
What is recovery heart rate?
Recovery heart rate is how quickly your heart rate returns to normal after exercise. It's a simple and powerful way to measure your cardiovascular fitness and heart health.
What is the systole phase?
Pressure in the arteries when the ventricles contract and heart pumps blood out.
Blood flow to the heart is enhanced by 3 mechanisms. Name and explain one and how it prevents blood pooling
1. One way Valves: further from heart, lower pressure, valves prevent blood from flowing backwards or pooling
2. Breathing Pumps: inhaling, thoracic cavity gets larger (pressure decreases), greater return of blood to the heart and lungs.
3. Muscle Pumps: muscles contract, veins get smaller, more pressure on veins, blood will pump up to the heart.
There are 3 factors that would cause blood vessels to dilate and blood to flow to that area. List 1
1. body warms up, heart rate increases, temp of muscles will increase and arteries will dilate
2. decrease in nutrients during exercise, arteries will dilate.
3. Increase in byproducts like (H/CO2, lactic acid) in muscle cell, arteries will dilate.
Blood flow to the heart is enhanced by 3 mechanisms. Name and explain one and how it prevents blood pooling
1. One way Valves: further from heart, lower pressure, valves prevent blood from flowing backwards or pooling
2. Breathing Pumps: inhaling, thoracic cavity gets larger (pressure decreases), greater return of blood to the heart and lungs.
3. Muscle Pumps: muscles contract, veins get smaller, more pressure on veins, blood will pump up to the heart.
What is the diastole phase?
Pressure in arteries when the ventricles relax and heart fills with blood.