Reconstruction
What was the condition of the South after the Civil War?
The South was devastated with huge loss of life, destroyed cities, and economic collapse, requiring Reconstruction.
What is Social Darwinism?
Social Darwinism was the belief that government should not interfere with business and that the strongest businesses survive
What was the Spoils System?
The Spoils System rewarded political supporters with government jobs.
What is Imperialism?
Imperialism is when a country dominates another weaker nation
Who was Andrew Johnson?
Andrew Johnson was president after Lincoln and was impeached.
Who were the Radical Republicans and what did they want?
Radical Republicans believed the war was fought over slavery and wanted full equality for African Americans and major changes to Southern society
How did railroads help revolutionize business and industry?
Railroads lowered costs, sped up transportation, and became models for big business.
Why was President James Garfield assassinated?
Garfield was assassinated for supporting civil service reform.
How is Imperialism connected to Social Darwinism?
Social Darwinism was used to justify imperialism by claiming superiority.
Who wrote The Jungle and why was it important?
Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, leading to food safety laws.
What was the Freedmen’s Bureau and why was it important?
The Freedmen’s Bureau was the first major federal aid program that helped formerly enslaved people with jobs, education, and housing.
What was the Transcontinental Railroad?
The Transcontinental Railroad connected the Union Pacific and Central Pacific rail lines across the U.S.
What did the Pendleton Civil Service Act do?
The Pendleton Act created a merit-based civil service system and reduced the spoils system.
What helped convince Americans to support Cuba against Spain?
Yellow Journalism influenced Americans to support Cuba.
What was John D. Rockefeller known for?
Rockefeller was an oil tycoon who used horizontal consolidation.
What were Black Codes? Name one example.
Black Codes were laws designed to control African Americans and limit freedom, such as curfews or vagrancy laws.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
The Sherman Antitrust Act outlawed business practices that limited competition or restrained trade
What was Prohibition?
Prohibition was the ban on the production and sale of alcohol.
What was Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy called?
Big Stick Diplomacy.
How did Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois differ in their views?
Washington supported vocational education; Du Bois supported higher education and equality.
What was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction?
The KKK aimed to eliminate Republican influence and keep African Americans in a position of submissive labor.
What is the difference between a craft union and an industrial union?
A craft union organizes skilled workers, while an industrial union organizes all workers in an industry.
What did Plessy v. Ferguson establish?
Plessy v. Ferguson legalized segregation under “separate but equal.”
Why did Roosevelt worry about a war between Russia and Japan?
Roosevelt feared it would close the Open Door to China.
What was the Bull Moose Party and who led it?
The Bull Moose Party was a Progressive party led by Theodore Roosevelt.