IMPERIALISM MOTIVES
This belief argued that American ideas and institutions were superior and justified expansion.
What is Social Darwinism?
Issued in 1823, this policy warned European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization in the Western Hemisphere.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
Sensationalized newspaper stories used to influence public opinion were called this.
What is yellow journalism?
This agricultural product made Hawaii economically valuable to the U.S.
What is sugar cane?
The U.S. wanted the Philippines primarily to improve trade access to this country.
What is China?
Competition between nations for land and power helped cause World War I.
What is Imperialism
With millions of men off to war, this group entered the workforce in record numbers, taking jobs in munitions and aircraft factories.
Who are Women?
This style of defensive combat dominated the Western Front, leading to long periods of stalemate and "No Man's Land."
What is Trench Warfare?
The "Triple" version of this pre-war alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
What is the Triple Alliance?
Gold, Glory, and Gospel were three justifications used to support this policy.
What is Imperialism
Teddy Roosevelt’s foreign policy, summarized by this 4-word proverb, emphasized quiet negotiation backed by the threat of a powerful military.
What is "Speak softly and carry a big stick"?
This country lost most of its remaining empire as a result of the war.
What is Spain?
The U.S. wanted Hawaii in part to establish this strategic military asset.
What is a naval base (Pearl Harbor)?
Filipinos declared war on the U.S. because America refused to do this.
What is grant independence?
European nations built massive armies and weapons systems in preparation for war.
What is militarism?
This 1917 law required all men in the U.S. between ages 21 and 30 to register for the military draft.
What is the Selective Service Act?
First used by Germany at the Battle of Ypres, this chemical weapon caused blindness and suffocation, forcing soldiers to wear protective masks.
What is Poison Gas (or Mustard/Chlorine gas)?
This pre-war alliance system linked Great Britain, France, and Russia, ensuring that a conflict with one would involve all three.
What is the Triple Entente?
This motive argued that expansion would make the U.S. appear stronger to other nations.
Glory
This U.S. policy, proposed by John Hay, called for all nations to have equal trading rights in China, rather than "spheres of influence."
What is the Open Door Policy?
This event sparked outrage and helped push the U.S. into war with Spain.
What is the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine?
Missionaries originally went to Hawaii for this reason.
What is to spread Christianity?
Famous Americans like Mark Twain opposed the war for this reason.
What are reports of war atrocities and violation of American values?
A complex system of mutual defense agreements increased the chance of war.
What is alliances?
Directed by George Creel, this organization was the U.S. government’s primary agency for distributing propaganda to gain support for the war.
What is the Committee on Public Information (CPI)?
Originally developed by the British to cross trenches and crush barbed wire, these armored vehicles were named to keep their development a secret.
What are Tanks?
This 1919 document officially ended the war and forced Germany to accept "war guilt" and pay massive financial reparations.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
The idea that spreading Christianity would help “weaker” nations morally develop reflects this motive.
What is Gospel (or God)?
In his influential 1890 book, this naval strategist argued that national greatness was based on a strong navy and the control of overseas coaling stations.
Who is Alfred T. Mahan?
The war resulted in the U.S. gaining these territories from Spain.
What are the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico?
Hawaii’s location made it valuable as a stopping point for trade with this region.
What is Asia (or China)?
He was the first President of the Philippine Republic and led the revolutionary forces against both Spain and the U.S.
Who is Emilio Aguinaldo?
This event is considered the “spark” that started World War I.
What is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
These individuals refused to perform military service based on moral or religious beliefs, sometimes serving in non-combat roles instead.
Who are Conscientious Objectors?
This rapid-fire weapon made traditional infantry charges across open fields nearly suicidal and was a primary cause of the war's high casualty rates.
What is the Machine Gun?
In this intercepted message, Germany promised to help Mexico reclaim lost territory in Texas and Arizona if they joined the war against the U.S.
What is the Zimmermann Telegram?
Opponents argued imperialism violated this core American principle.
What is democracy and self-determination?
This 1904 addition to the Monroe Doctrine stated that the U.S. had the right to intervene in Latin American nations to maintain economic and political stability.
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
This Caribbean nation, which was "liberated" by the United States, technically gained independence but remained under strong U.S. influence.
What is Cuba?
This last reigning monarch of Hawaii traveled to Washington D.C. to personally lobby against the treaty of annexation.
Who is Queen Liliʻuokalani?
This argument claimed that annexing the Philippines made the U.S. hypocritical.
What is denying independence while promoting democracy?
This "ism" describes the intense pride in one's nation and the desire for self-rule, which was a major factor in the volatile Balkan region.
What is Nationalism?
In the final year of the war, this global pandemic killed more people than the combat itself, spreading rapidly through crowded military camps.
What is the Spanish Flu?
Originally used for reconnaissance (scouting), these machines eventually engaged in "dogfights" in the skies over Europe.
What are Planes (or Aircraft)?
The 1915 sinking of this British ocean liner by a German U-boat killed 128 Americans and turned U.S. public opinion against Germany.
What is the Lusitania?