Molecules
Which food molecule is a simple sugar that serves as our main source of energy?
Glucose
What is the role of the esophagus?
What is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system?
Middle of the small intestine
What is the term for the digestive system removing waste from the body?
Excretion
Which of these is NOT one of M'Kenna's symptoms?
1) Nausea
2) Fatigue
3) Joint pain
4) Difficulty breathing with exercise
3) Joint pain
Which food molecule moves through our digestive system without breaking down, and why?
Fiber, because we do not possess the correct system structure/enzymes to break it down (molecule is too big)
What is the main function of the middle of the small intestine?
Absorption of small food molecules
What happens to small food molecules once they are absorbed?
They enter the bloodstream to be transported to other parts of the body.
What are the proper terms to use when we lose/gain an amount of something?
Decrease/increase
True/False: M'Kenna's symptoms are only affecting her digestive system
False
In our past two labs, what did we use iodine for?
Detection/Absence of starch molecules in a solution
What are the TWO main functions of the stomach?
1) Chemical digestion of food using enzymes and acids
2) Temporary storage of food
What is the primary absorption site of water?
Large intestine
What is the proper term for when the body breaks down food molecules into new molecules using enzymes?
Chemical digestion
Which Endoscopy image(s) from M'Kenna looked the MOST different from the healthy person?
The beginning and middle of the small intestine
BONUS! How many pets does Ms. VanDellen have, and what species are they?
2 Cats (Fern & Sandpiper)
What are the 2 main functions of the LARGE inestine?
1) Absorbing water and electrolytes
2) Preparing waste (feces) for excretion
Where do MOST of the food molecules we take in start to be broken down into smaller molecules?
The stomach
Define absorption
When small food molecules are taken in through the walls of the intestines to be used by the rest of the body.
What did we learn about M'Kenna's digestive system compared to a healthy one by looking at the food graphs on p. 36-37?
M'Kenna is not absorbing nutrients efficiently, and is excreting extra food molecules in her waste
How do amino acids appear in our digestive system if they are not present in the graham cracker?
Chemical digestion breaks protein molecules down into amino acid molecules
What are two ways that the mouth starts the digestion process?
1) Mechanical digestion: Chewing food
2) Chemical digestion: Enzymes in saliva
Where is amylase found in our digestive system, and what chemical reaction does it catalyze?
In the mouth (saliva), and it helps break down complex carbs into glucose molecules
What is made up of different organs in order to serve a function that contributes to the body's overall operation?
Body system
Which molecules is M'Kenna excreting in her waste that are not excreted in a healthy person?
Glucose, other complex carbohydrates, fatty acids, and a little bit of extra water